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Value alignment is central to the development of safe and socially compatible artificial intelligence. However, how Large Language Models (LLMs) represent and enact human values in real-world decision contexts remains under-explored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Jen-tse Huang , Jiantong Qin , Xueli Qiu , Sharon Levy , Michelle R. Kaufman , Mark Dredze

Multimodal symbolic logical reasoning, which aims to deduce new facts from multimodal input via formal logic, is critical in high-stakes applications such as autonomous driving and medical diagnosis, as its rigorous, deterministic reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jundong Xu , Hao Fei , Yuhui Zhang , Liangming Pan , Qijun Huang , Qian Liu , Preslav Nakov , Min-Yen Kan , William Yang Wang , Mong-Li Lee , Wynne Hsu

Despite recent advancements in Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) on diverse understanding tasks, these models struggle to solve problems which require extensive multi-step reasoning. This is primarily due to the progressive dilution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Byungwoo Jeon , Yoonwoo Jeong , Hyunseok Lee , Minsu Cho , Jinwoo Shin

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) often struggle to ground reasoning in perceptual evidence. We present a systematic study of perception strategies-explicit, implicit, visual, and textual-across four multimodal benchmarks and two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yizhuo Ding , Mingkang Chen , Zhibang Feng , Tong Xiao , Wanying Qu , Wenqi Shao , Yanwei Fu

Can multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) truly understand what they can see? Extending Searle's Chinese Room into the multi-modal domain, this paper proposes the Visual Room argument: MLLMs may describe every visual detail precisely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Haokun Li , Yazhou Zhang , Jizhi Ding , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang

Incorporating multiple modalities into large language models (LLMs) is a powerful way to enhance their understanding of non-textual data, enabling them to perform multimodal tasks. Vision language models (VLMs) form the fastest growing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shiqi He , Insu Jang , Mosharaf Chowdhury

Moral values have deep roots in early civilizations, codified within norms and laws that regulated societal order and the common good. They play a crucial role in understanding the psychological basis of human behavior and cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Lorenzo Zangari , Candida M. Greco , Davide Picca , Andrea Tagarelli

Multimodal Vision Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as a transformative topic at the intersection of computer vision and natural language processing, enabling machines to perceive and reason about the world through both visual and textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Zongxia Li , Xiyang Wu , Hongyang Du , Fuxiao Liu , Huy Nghiem , Guangyao Shi

Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on visual reasoning benchmarks, yet it remains unclear to what extent such performance reflects reasoning directly grounded in visual evidence. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Longteng Guo , Yifan Wang , Pengkang Huo , Tailai Chen , Yuze Wu , Jing Liu , Xinxin Zhu

Language models often misinterpret human intentions due to their handling of ambiguity, a limitation well-recognized in NLP research. While morally clear scenarios are more discernible to LLMs, greater difficulty is encountered in morally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Pranav Senthilkumar , Visshwa Balasubramanian , Prisha Jain , Aneesa Maity , Jonathan Lu , Kevin Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across diverse real-world applications and user communities. As such, it is crucial that these models remain both morally grounded and knowledge-aware. In this work, we uncover a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Saugata Purkayastha , Pranav Kushare , Pragya Paramita Pal , Sukannya Purkayastha

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have established them as powerful tools across numerous domains. However, persistent concerns about embedded biases, such as gender, racial, and cultural biases arising from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Hadi Mohammadi , Yasmeen F. S. S. Meijer , Efthymia Papadopoulou , Ayoub Bagheri

Existing Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel at matching concepts across multi-modal inputs but struggle with compositional concepts and high-level relationships between entities. This paper introduces Progressive multi-granular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Quang-Hung Le , Long Hoang Dang , Ngan Le , Truyen Tran , Thao Minh Le

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of vision-language tasks, yet their internal processing dynamics remain underexplored. In this work, we introduce a probing framework to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Zhuoran Yu , Yong Jae Lee

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in processing both visual and textual information. However, the critical challenge of alignment between visual and textual representations is not fully…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Dong Shu , Haiyan Zhao , Jingyu Hu , Weiru Liu , Ali Payani , Lu Cheng , Mengnan Du

Large language models (LLMs) are now used worldwide, yet their multimodal understanding and reasoning often degrade outside Western, high-resource settings. We propose MMA-ASIA, a comprehensive framework to evaluate LLMs' cultural awareness…

The question of how to make decisions that maximise the well-being of all persons is very relevant to design language models that are beneficial to humanity and free from harm. We introduce the Greatest Good Benchmark to evaluate the moral…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Giovanni Franco Gabriel Marraffini , Andrés Cotton , Noe Fabian Hsueh , Axel Fridman , Juan Wisznia , Luciano Del Corro

Though Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently achieved significant progress, they often struggle to understand diverse and complicated inter-object relations. Specifically, the lack of large-scale and high-quality relation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Jiahao Nie , Gongjie Zhang , Wenbin An , Yun Xing , Yap-Peng Tan , Alex C. Kot , Shijian Lu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) are increasingly used for real-world tasks involving multi-step reasoning and long-form generation, where reliability requires grounding model outputs in heterogeneous input sources and verifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 David Wan , Han Wang , Ziyang Wang , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Hyunji Lee , Mohit Bansal

Guiding users through complex procedural plans is an inherently multimodal task in which having visually illustrated plan steps is crucial to deliver an effective plan guidance. However, existing works on plan-following language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Diogo Glória-Silva , David Semedo , João Magalhães