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The tabular form constitutes the standard way of representing data in relational database systems and spreadsheets. But, similarly to other forms, tabular data suffers from class imbalance, a problem that causes serious performance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Leonidas Akritidis , Panayiotis Bozanis

The rising use of machine learning in various fields requires robust methods to create synthetic tabular data. Data should preserve key characteristics while addressing data scarcity challenges. Current approaches based on Generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Patricia A. Apellániz , Juan Parras , Santiago Zazo

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) are widely used deep generative models capable of learning unsupervised latent representations of data. Such representations are often difficult to interpret or control. We consider the problem of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-18 Jack Klys , Jake Snell , Richard Zemel

Data is commonly stored in tabular format. Several fields of research are prone to small imbalanced tabular data. Supervised Machine Learning on such data is often difficult due to class imbalance. Synthetic data generation, i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-14 Kristian Schultz , Saptarshi Bej , Waldemar Hahn , Markus Wolfien , Prashant Srivastava , Olaf Wolkenhauer

Predicting drop coalescence based on process parameters is crucial for experiment design in chemical engineering. However, predictive models can suffer from the lack of training data and more importantly, the label imbalance problem. In…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Kewei Zhu , Sibo Cheng , Nina Kovalchuk , Mark Simmons , Yi-Ke Guo , Omar K. Matar , Rossella Arcucci

This paper proposes a new model, called condition-transforming variational autoencoder (CTVAE), to improve the performance of conversation response generation using conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs). In conventional CVAEs , the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Yu-Ping Ruan , Zhen-Hua Ling , Quan Liu , Zhigang Chen , Nitin Indurkhya

While generative models have shown great success in generating high-dimensional samples conditional on low-dimensional descriptors (learning e.g. stroke thickness in MNIST, hair color in CelebA, or speaker identity in Wavenet), their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Mohammad Lotfollahi , Mohsen Naghipourfar , Fabian J. Theis , F. Alexander Wolf

Large climate-model ensembles are computationally expensive; yet many downstream analyses would benefit from additional, statistically consistent realizations of spatiotemporal climate variables. We study a generative modeling approach for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Jacquelyn Shelton , Przemyslaw Polewski , Alexander Robel , Matthew Hoffman , Stephen Price

Although deep learning has achieved impressive advances in transient stability assessment of power systems, the insufficient and imbalanced samples still trap the training effect of the data-driven methods. This paper proposes a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Gengshi Han , Shunyu Liu , Kaixuan Chen , Na Yu , Zunlei Feng , Mingli Song

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) with global priors trained under an imbalanced empirical class distribution can lead to underrepresentation of tail classes in the latent space. While $t^3$VAE improves robustness via heavy-tailed Student's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Aymene Mohammed Bouayed , Samuel Deslauriers-Gauthier , Adrian Iaccovelli , David Naccache

The ability to accurately model random fields plays a critical role in science and engineering for problems involving uncertain, spatially-varying quantities such as heterogeneous material properties and turbulent flows. Deep generative…

Adversarial attacks on tabular data present unique challenges due to the heterogeneous nature of mixed categorical and numerical features. Unlike images where pixel perturbations maintain visual similarity, tabular data lacks intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Zhipeng He , Alexander Stevens , Chun Ouyang , Johannes De Smedt , Alistair Barros , Catarina Moreira

Product line extension is a strategically important managerial decision that requires anticipating how consumer segments and purchasing contexts may respond to hypothetical product designs that do not yet exist in the market. Such decisions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yinxing Li , Tsukasa Ishigaki

Accurately quantifying uncertainty in predictions and projections arising from irreducible internal climate variability is critical for informed decision making. Such uncertainty is typically assessed using ensembles produced with physics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Parsa Gooya , Reinel Sospedra-Alfonso , Johannes Exenberger

Class imbalance remains a major challenge in machine learning, especially for high-dimensional biomedical data where nonlinear manifold structures dominate. Traditional oversampling methods such as SMOTE rely on local linear interpolation,…

Learning with imbalanced data is a challenging problem in deep learning. Over-sampling is a widely used technique to re-balance the sampling distribution of training data. However, most existing over-sampling methods only use intra-class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Qingzhong Ai , Pengyun Wang , Lirong He , Liangjian Wen , Lujia Pan , Zenglin Xu

Simultaneous recordings from thousands of neurons across multiple brain areas reveal rich mixtures of activity that are shared between regions and dynamics that are unique to each region. Existing alignment or multi-view methods neglect…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ram Dyuthi Sristi , Sowmya Manojna Narasimha , Jingya Huang , Alice Despatin , Simon Musall , Vikash Gilja , Gal Mishne

Controllable data generation aims to synthesize data by specifying values for target concepts. Achieving this reliably requires modeling the underlying generative factors and their relationships. In real-world scenarios, these factors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Qilong Zhao , Shiyu Wang , Zeeshan Memon , Yang Qiao , Guangji Bai , Bo Pan , Zhaohui Qin , Liang Zhao

Unsupervised learning on imbalanced data is challenging because, when given imbalanced data, current model is often dominated by the major category and ignores the categories with small amount of data. We develop a latent variable model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-07-04 Fariba Yousefi , Zhenwen Dai , Carl Henrik Ek , Neil Lawrence

Neural conversation models such as encoder-decoder models are easy to generate bland and generic responses. Some researchers propose to use the conditional variational autoencoder(CVAE) which maximizes the lower bound on the conditional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-25 Jun Gao , Wei Bi , Xiaojiang Liu , Junhui Li , Guodong Zhou , Shuming Shi
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