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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds Large Language Models (LLMs) to mitigate factual hallucinations. Recent paradigms shift from static pipelines to Modular and Agentic RAG frameworks, granting models autonomy for multi-hop…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yichao Wu , Penghao Liang , Yafei Xiang , Mengwei Yuan , Jianan Liu , Jing Yang , Xianyou Li , Weiran Yan

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced natural language processing, but these models often generate factually incorrect information, known as "hallucination". Initial retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yujia Zhou , Zheng Liu , Zhicheng Dou

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved complex reasoning capabilities. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has further extended these capabilities by grounding generation in dynamically retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Jash Rajesh Parekh , Pengcheng Jiang , Jiawei Han

Agentic Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a new paradigm where the reasoning model decides when to invoke a retriever (as a "tool") when answering a question. This paradigm, exemplified by recent research works such as Search-R1,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Fangzheng Tian , Jinyuan Fang , Debasis Ganguly , Zaiqiao Meng , Craig Macdonald

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a crucial method for mitigating hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) and integrating external knowledge into their responses. Existing RAG methods typically employ query rewriting to clarify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Zhuocheng Zhang , Yang Feng , Min Zhang

We present DynaRAG, a retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework designed to handle both static and time-sensitive information needs through dynamic knowledge integration. Unlike traditional RAG pipelines that rely solely on static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Penghao Liang , Mengwei Yuan , Jianan Liu , Jing Yang , Xianyou Li , Weiran Yan , Yichao Wu

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

We present RAG Playground, an open-source framework for systematic evaluation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. The framework implements and compares three retrieval approaches: naive vector search, reranking, and hybrid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Ioannis Papadimitriou , Ilias Gialampoukidis , Stefanos Vrochidis , Ioannis , Kompatsiaris

Since large language models (LLMs) have a tendency to generate factually inaccurate output, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has gained significant attention as a key means to mitigate this downside of harnessing only LLMs. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Youmin Ko , Sungjong Seo , Hyunjoon Kim

Agentic RAG is a powerful technique for incorporating external information that LLMs lack, enabling better problem solving and question answering. However, suboptimal search behaviors exist widely, such as over-search (retrieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Peilin Wu , Mian Zhang , Kun Wan , Wentian Zhao , Kaiyu He , Xinya Du , Zhiyu Chen

While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates hallucination and knowledge staleness in Large Language Models (LLMs), existing frameworks often falter on complex, multi-hop queries that require synthesizing information from disparate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Mohammad Aghajani Asl , Majid Asgari-Bidhendi , Behrooz Minaei-Bidgoli

We propose XRAG, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate the generation abilities of LLMs in cross-lingual Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) settings where the user language does not match the retrieval results. XRAG is constructed from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Wei Liu , Sony Trenous , Leonardo F. R. Ribeiro , Bill Byrne , Felix Hieber

The Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) approach enhances question-answering systems and dialogue generation tasks by integrating information retrieval (IR) technologies with large language models (LLMs). This strategy, which retrieves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Duolin Sun , Dan Yang , Yue Shen , Yihan Jiao , Zhehao Tan , Jie Feng , Lianzhen Zhong , Jian Wang , Peng Wei , Jinjie Gu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a cornerstone for knowledge-intensive tasks. However, the efficacy of RAG is often bottlenecked by the ``one-size-fits-all'' retrieval paradigm, as different queries exhibit distinct…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Tong Zhao , Yutao Zhu , Yucheng Tian , Zhicheng Dou

Adaptive retrieval-augmented generation (ARAG) aims to dynamically determine the necessity of retrieval for queries instead of retrieving indiscriminately to enhance the efficiency and relevance of the sourced information. However, previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Zihan Zhang , Meng Fang , Ling Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves reliability of large language models by incorporating external knowledge, but the retrieval process can introduce bias that propagates to generated outputs. This issue is particularly…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Yingqi Zhao , Vasilis Efthymiou , Jyrki Nummenmaa , Kostas Stefanidis

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates key limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs)-such as factual errors, outdated knowledge, and hallucinations-by dynamically retrieving external information. Recent work extends this paradigm…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Jingru Lin , Chen Zhang , Stephen Y. Liu , Haizhou Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the factual grounding of Large Language Models by conditioning their outputs on external documents. However, standard embedding-based retrievers treat naturally structured corpora, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Giorgia Bolognesi , Claudio Estatico , Ulderico Fugacci , Isabella Mastroianni , Claudio Muselli , Luca Oneto

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an advanced technique designed to address the challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC). By integrating context retrieval into content generation, RAG provides reliable and…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) in downstream tasks by integrating external knowledge. To facilitate researchers in deploying RAG systems, various RAG toolkits have…

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