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Generative real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) can synthesize visually convincing details from severely degraded low-resolution (LR) inputs, yet its stochastic sampling makes a critical failure mode hard to avoid: outputs may look…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Song Fei , Tian Ye , Sixiang Chen , Zhaohu Xing , Jianyu Lai , Lei Zhu

Large language models are prone to hallucinating factually incorrect statements. A key source of these errors is exposure to new factual information through supervised fine-tuning (SFT), which can increase hallucinations w.r.t. knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Guy Kaplan , Zorik Gekhman , Zhen Zhu , Lotem Rozner , Yuval Reif , Swabha Swayamdipta , Derek Hoiem , Roy Schwartz

Visual reasoning abilities play a crucial role in understanding complex multimodal data, advancing both domain-specific applications and artificial general intelligence (AGI). Existing methods enhance Vision-Language Models (VLMs) through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Huajie Tan , Yuheng Ji , Xiaoshuai Hao , Xiansheng Chen , Pengwei Wang , Zhongyuan Wang , Shanghang Zhang

Recent advances in large language models have significantly improved textual reasoning through the effective use of Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and reinforcement learning. However, extending these successes to vision-language tasks remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Minheng Ni , Zhengyuan Yang , Linjie Li , Chung-Ching Lin , Kevin Lin , Wangmeng Zuo , Lijuan Wang

Recent studies suggest that Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) is inherently more resilient to catastrophic forgetting than Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT). However, whether RFT (e.g., GRPO) can effectively overcome forgetting in challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Meng Lou , Hanzhong Guo , Linwei Chen , Yizhou Yu

Reinforcement fine-tuning (RFT) has shown great promise in achieving humanlevel reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), and has recently been extended to MLLMs. Nevertheless, reasoning about videos, which is a fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Qi Wang , Yanrui Yu , Ye Yuan , Rui Mao , Tianfei Zhou

Fine-tuning foundation models via reinforcement learning (RL) has proven promising for aligning to downstream objectives. In the case of diffusion models (DMs), though RL training improves alignment from early timesteps, critical issues…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-14 Roberto Barceló , Cristóbal Alcázar , Felipe Tobar

Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) in Large Reasoning Models like OpenAI o1 learns from feedback on its answers, which is especially useful in applications when fine-tuning data is scarce. Recent open-source work like DeepSeek-R1 demonstrates…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ziyu Liu , Zeyi Sun , Yuhang Zang , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Cao , Haodong Duan , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Understanding spatial dynamics and semantics in point cloud is fundamental for comprehensive 3D comprehension. While reinforcement learning algorithms such as Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) have recently achieved remarkable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yankai Wang , Yiding Sun , Qirui Wang , Pengbo Li , Chaoyi Lu , Dongxu Zhang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models enable embodied decision-making but rely heavily on imitation learning, leading to compounding errors and poor robustness under distribution shift. Reinforcement learning (RL) can mitigate these issues…

Aligning Diffusion models has achieved remarkable breakthroughs in generating high-quality, human preference-aligned images. Existing techniques, such as supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and DPO-style preference optimization, have become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zening Sun , Zhengpeng Xie , Lichen Bai , Shitong Shao , Shuo Yang , Zeke Xie

Continual post-training (CPT) is a popular and effective technique for adapting foundation models like multimodal large language models to specific and ever-evolving downstream tasks. While existing research has primarily concentrated on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Song Lai , Haohan Zhao , Rong Feng , Changyi Ma , Wenzhuo Liu , Hongbo Zhao , Xi Lin , Dong Yi , Qingfu Zhang , Hongbin Liu , Gaofeng Meng , Fei Zhu

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards ( RLVR ) has emerged as a transformative paradigm for enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models ( LLMs), yet its potential in 3D scene understanding remains under-explored.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Xiongkun Linghu , Jiangyong Huang , Baoxiong Jia , Siyuan Huang

Reinforcement learning (RL) finetuning has become a key technique for enhancing large language models (LLMs) on reasoning-intensive tasks, motivating its extension to vision-language models (VLMs). While RL-tuned VLMs improve on visual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Rosie Zhao , Anshul Shah , Xiaoyu Zhu , Xinke Deng , Zhongyu Jiang , Yang Yang , Joerg Liebelt , Arnab Mondal

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown substantial potential in real-world robotic manipulation. However, fine-tuning these models through supervised learning struggles to achieve robust performance due to limited, inconsistent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Yuhui Chen , Shuai Tian , Shugao Liu , Yingting Zhou , Haoran Li , Dongbin Zhao

Pretrained language models are commonly aligned with human preferences and downstream tasks via reinforcement finetuning (RFT), which refers to maximizing a (possibly learned) reward function using policy gradient algorithms. This work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Noam Razin , Hattie Zhou , Omid Saremi , Vimal Thilak , Arwen Bradley , Preetum Nakkiran , Joshua Susskind , Etai Littwin

Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) is proved to be greatly valuable for enhancing the reasoning ability of LLMs. Researchers have been starting to apply RFT to MLLMs, hoping it will also enhance the capabilities of visual understanding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xiaxu Chen , Wei Li , Chunxu Liu , Chi Xie , Xiaoyan Hu , Chengqian Ma , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao

Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a standard technique for post-training diffusion-based image synthesis models, as it enables learning from reward signals to explicitly improve desirable aspects such as image quality and prompt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David McAllister , Miika Aittala , Tero Karras , Janne Hellsten , Angjoo Kanazawa , Timo Aila , Samuli Laine

While recent advances in Reinforcement Fine-Tuning (RFT) have shown that rule-based reward schemes can enable effective post-training for large language models, their extension to cross-modal, vision-centric domains remains largely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Guangjing Yang , ZhangYuan Yu , Ziyuan Qin , Xinyuan Song , Huahui Yi , Qingbo Kang , Jun Gao , Yiyue Li , Chenlin Du , Qicheng Lao

Unconstrained fine-tuning of flow-matching Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models drives dense parameter overwrites, degrading pre-trained capabilities. We present Conservative Supervised Fine-Tuning (ConSFT), an optimization objective that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Tianyi Zhang , Shaopeng Zhai , Haoran Zhang , Fuxian Huang , Qi Zhang
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