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The recent proliferation of large-scale text-to-image models has led to growing concerns that such models may be misused to generate harmful, misleading, and inappropriate content. Motivated by this issue, we derive a technique inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Alvin Heng , Harold Soh

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training data from a model without requiring full retraining. This capability is crucial for ensuring privacy, safety, and regulatory compliance. Therefore, verifying whether a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Liran Cohen , Yaniv Nemcovesky , Avi Mendelson

Machine unlearning is the process of efficiently removing specific information from a trained machine learning model without retraining from scratch. Existing unlearning methods, which often provide provable guarantees, typically involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury , Rahul Kidambi , Avinava Dubey , David Wang , Gokhan Mergen , Amr Ahmed , Aranyak Mehta

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training data from pre-trained models without retraining from scratch, and is increasingly important for large language models (LLMs) due to safety, privacy, and legal concerns.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Ruihao Pan , Suhang Wang

Forgetting refers to the loss or deterioration of previously acquired knowledge. While existing surveys on forgetting have primarily focused on continual learning, forgetting is a prevalent phenomenon observed in various other research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Zhenyi Wang , Enneng Yang , Li Shen , Heng Huang

With the rapid progress of diffusion-based content generation, significant efforts are being made to unlearn harmful or copyrighted concepts from pretrained diffusion models (DMs) to prevent potential model misuse. However, it is observed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Hongcheng Gao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Taihang Hu , Zhijie Deng , Min Lin

Machine unlearning is an emerging paradigm to remove the influence of specific training data (i.e., the forget set) from a model while preserving its knowledge of the rest of the data (i.e., the retain set). Previous approaches assume the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Thomas De Min , Subhankar Roy , Stéphane Lathuilière , Elisa Ricci , Massimiliano Mancini

Machine unlearning refers to the process of mitigating the influence of specific training data on machine learning models based on removal requests from data owners. However, one important area that has been largely overlooked in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Dayong Ye , Tianqing Zhu , Congcong Zhu , Derui Wang , Kun Gao , Zewei Shi , Sheng Shen , Wanlei Zhou , Minhui Xue

Machine unlearning has the potential to improve the safety of large language models (LLMs) by removing sensitive or harmful information post hoc. A key challenge in unlearning involves balancing between forget quality (effectively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Shengyuan Hu , Neil Kale , Pratiksha Thaker , Yiwei Fu , Steven Wu , Virginia Smith

Fine-tuning-based unlearning methods prevail for preventing targeted harmful, sensitive, or copyrighted information within large language models while preserving overall capabilities. However, the true effectiveness of these methods is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yihuai Hong , Yuelin Zou , Lijie Hu , Ziqian Zeng , Di Wang , Haiqin Yang

Machine unlearning has emerged as a new paradigm to deliberately forget data samples from a given model in order to adhere to stringent regulations. However, existing machine unlearning methods have been primarily focused on classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Guihong Li , Hsiang Hsu , Chun-Fu Chen , Radu Marculescu

Artificial neural networks thrive in solving the classification problem for a particular rigid task, acquiring knowledge through generalized learning behaviour from a distinct training phase. The resulting network resembles a static entity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Matthias De Lange , Rahaf Aljundi , Marc Masana , Sarah Parisot , Xu Jia , Ales Leonardis , Gregory Slabaugh , Tinne Tuytelaars

Currently, various uncertainty quantification methods have been proposed to provide certainty and probability estimates for deep learning models' label predictions. Meanwhile, with the growing demand for the right to be forgotten, machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Wei Qian , Chenxu Zhao , Yangyi Li , Wenqian Ye , Mengdi Huai

While deep neural networks have surpassed human performance in multiple situations, they are prone to catastrophic forgetting: upon training a new task, they rapidly forget previously learned ones. Neuroscience studies, based on idealized…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Axel Laborieux , Maxence Ernoult , Tifenn Hirtzlin , Damien Querlioz

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific data points from a trained model, often striving to emulate "perfect retraining", i.e., producing the model that would have been obtained had the deleted data never been included. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Aloni Cohen , Refael Kohen , Kobbi Nissim , Uri Stemmer

In Machine Learning, the emergence of \textit{the right to be forgotten} gave birth to a paradigm named \textit{machine unlearning}, which enables data holders to proactively erase their data from a trained model. Existing machine…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Yi Liu , Lei Xu , Xingliang Yuan , Cong Wang , Bo Li

It is often desirable to remove (a.k.a. unlearn) a specific part of the training data from a trained neural network model. A typical application scenario is to protect the data holder's right to be forgotten, which has been promoted by many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Xuran Li , Jingyi Wang , Xiaohan Yuan , Peixin Zhang

A fundamental challenge in developing general learning algorithms is their tendency to forget past knowledge when adapting to new data. Addressing this problem requires a principled understanding of forgetting; yet, despite decades of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Ben Sanati , Thomas L. Lee , Trevor McInroe , Aidan Scannell , Nikolay Malkin , David Abel , Amos Storkey

Machine unlearning is the process of removing the impact of a particular set of training samples from a pretrained model. It aims to fulfill the "right to be forgotten", which grants the individuals such as patients the right to reconsider…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Reza Nasirigerdeh , Nader Razmi , Julia A. Schnabel , Daniel Rueckert , Georgios Kaissis
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