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Fast decoders that achieve strong error suppression are essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) from both practical and theoretical perspectives. The union-find (UF) decoder for the surface code is widely regarded as a…
Decoders that provide an estimate of the probability of a logical failure conditioned on the error syndrome ("soft-output decoders") can reduce the overhead cost of fault-tolerant quantum memory and computation. In this work, we construct…
A fault-tolerant quantum computer must decode and correct errors faster than they appear to prevent exponential slowdown due to error correction. The Union-Find (UF) decoder is promising with an average time complexity slightly higher than…
A fault-tolerant quantum computer must decode and correct errors faster than they appear. The faster errors can be corrected, the more time the computer can do useful work. The Union-Find (UF) decoder is promising with an average time…
Fast decoding algorithms are decisive for real-time quantum error correction and for analyzing properties of error correction codes. Here, we develop variants of the union-find decoder that simplify its implementation and provide potential…
Quantum computation promises significant computational advantages over classical computation for some problems. However, quantum hardware suffers from much higher error rates than in classical hardware. As a result, extensive quantum error…
Achieving practical quantum advantage requires a classical decoding algorithm to identify and correct faults during computation. This classical decoding algorithm must deliver both accuracy and speed, but in what combination? When is a…
To avoid prohibitive overheads in performing fault-tolerant quantum computation, the decoding problem needs to be solved accurately and at speeds sufficient for fast feedback. Existing decoding systems fail to satisfy both of these…
The realization of fault-tolerant quantum computers hinges on the construction of high-speed, high-accuracy, real-time decoding systems. The persistent challenge lies in the fundamental trade-off between speed and accuracy: efforts to…
Universal fault-tolerant quantum computation will require real-time decoding algorithms capable of quickly extracting logical outcomes from the stream of data generated by noisy quantum hardware. We propose modular decoding, an approach…
Fault-tolerant quantum computing demands decoders that are fast, accurate, and adaptable to circuit structure and realistic noise. While machine learning (ML) decoders have demonstrated impressive performance for quantum memory, their use…
We establish that it is possible to extract accurate blockwise and bitwise soft output from Guessing Codeword Decoding with minimal additional computational complexity by considering it as a variant of Guessing Random Additive Noise…
The union-find decoder is a leading algorithmic approach to the correction of quantum errors on the surface code, achieving code thresholds comparable to minimum-weight perfect matching (MWPM) with amortised computational time scaling…
To unleash the potential of quantum computers, noise effects on qubits' performance must be carefully managed. The decoders responsible for diagnosing noise-induced computational errors must use resources efficiently to enable scaling to…
Deep neural network (DNN)-based channel decoding is widely considered in the literature. The existing solutions are investigated for the case of hard output, i.e. when the decoder returns the estimated information word. At the same time,…
Realizing the full potential of quantum computation requires quantum error correction (QEC), with most recent breakthrough demonstrations of QEC using the surface code. QEC codes use multiple noisy physical qubits to encode information in…
Quantum technologies have the potential to solve certain computationally hard problems with polynomial or super-polynomial speedups when compared to classical methods. Unfortunately, the unstable nature of quantum information makes it prone…
Quantum error correction (QEC) enables reliable computation on noisy hardware by encoding logical information across many physical qubits and periodically measuring parities to detect errors. A decoder is the classical algorithm that uses…
Quantum error correction (QEC) will be essential to achieve the accuracy needed for quantum computers to realise their full potential. The field has seen promising progress with demonstrations of early QEC and real-time decoded experiments.…
The attention-based encoder-decoder framework has recently achieved impressive results for scene text recognition, and many variants have emerged with improvements in recognition quality. However, it performs poorly on contextless texts…