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Neutral hydrogen (HI) $21$-cm intensity mapping (IM) is a promising probe of the large-scale structures in the Universe. However, a few orders of magnitude brighter foregrounds obscure the IM signal. Here we use the Tapered Gridded…

Observing the Epoch of Reionisation using 21cm radio interferometry has proven to be a challenging task. Extraction of the extremely faint redshifted signal is complicated by the presence of bright foregrounds, radio frequency interference…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-30 Sohini Dutta , Philip Bull , Jacob Burba , Michael J. Wilensky , Zheng Zhang , Ainulnabilah Nasirudin

21 cm cosmology is a promising new probe of the evolution of visible matter in our universe, especially during the poorly-constrained Cosmic Dawn and Epoch of Reionization. However, in order to separate the 21 cm signal from bright…

Global (i.e. sky-averaged) $21$~cm signal experiments can measure the evolution of the universe from the Cosmic Dawn to the Epoch of Reionization. These measurements are challenged by the presence of bright foreground emission that can be…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-09-25 Marta Spinelli , Gianni Bernardi , Mario G. Santos

Neutral Hydrogen Intensity Mapping (HI IM) surveys will be a powerful new probe of cosmology. However, strong astrophysical foregrounds contaminate the signal and their coupling with instrumental systematics further increases the data…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Marta Spinelli , Isabella P. Carucci , Steven Cunnington , Stuart E. Harper , Melis O. Irfan , José Fonseca , Alkistis Pourtsidou , Laura Wolz

The Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) feature, imprinted in the transverse and radial clustering of dark matter tracers, enables the simultaneous measurement of the angular diameter distance $D_A(z)$ and the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ at a…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-08 Pankaj Chavan , Tapomoy Guha Sarkar , Anjan A Sen

Measurements of the cosmic 21 cm signal need to achieve a high dynamic range to isolate it from bright foreground emissions. Calibration inaccuracies can compromise the spectral fidelity of the smooth foreground continuum, thereby limiting…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 Pascal M. Keller , Bojan Nikolic , Nithyanandan Thyagarajan

The 2D power spectrum is a cornerstone of the modern toolkit for analysis of the low-frequency radio interferometric observations of the 21 cm signal arising from the early Universe. Its familiar form disentangles a great deal of systematic…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-19 Steven G. Murray , Cathryn M. Trott

In this thesis, I analyse the 2D anisotropic Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) signal present in the final WiggleZ dataset. I utilise newly released covariance matrices from the WizCOLA simulations and follow well tested methodologies used…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-04-08 Samuel Hinton

The 21 cm signal from neutral hydrogen atom is almost the only way to directly probe the Dark Ages. The Dark Ages 21 cm signal, observed at frequencies below 50 MHz, can serve as a powerful probe of cosmology, as the standard cosmological…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-03 Shintaro Yoshiura , Fumiya Okamatsu , Tomo Takahashi

Future Baryon Acoustic Oscillation surveys aim at observing galaxy clustering over a wide range of redshift and galaxy populations at great precision, reaching tenths of a percent, in order to detect any deviation of dark energy from the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-31 Zhejie Ding , Hee-Jong Seo , Zvonimir Vlah , Yu Feng , Marcel Schmittfull , Florian Beutler

Cross-correlation between the redshifted 21 cm signal and Lyman-{\alpha} emitters (LAEs) is powerful tool to probe the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). Although the cross-power spectrum (PS) has an advantage of not correlating with foregrounds…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-25 S. Yoshiura , J. L. B. Line , K. Kubota , K. Hasegawa , K. Takahashi

The redshifted 21~cm signal from neutral hydrogen (HI) is potentially a very powerful probe for cosmology, but a difficulty in its observation is that it is much weaker than foreground radiation from the Milky Way as well as extragalactic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-14 Shifan Zuo , Xuelei Chen , Reza Ansari , Youjun Lu

Instruments targeting 21~cm emission at high redshifts need a spectral dynamic range of better than ten thousand to distinguish the 21~cm background against bright foregrounds. Systematics arising from the antenna pattern are a leading…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-21 Daniel C. Jacobs

The epoch of reionization is one of the least known chapters in the evolutionary history of the Universe. This thesis investigates two major approaches to unveil the reionization history of the Universe using HI 21-cm maps.The most…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-04 Kanan K. Datta

At redshifts beyond $z \gtrsim 30$, the 21cm line from neutral hydrogen is expected to be essentially the only viable probe of the 3D matter distribution. The lunar far-side is an extremely appealing site for future radio arrays that target…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-26 Philip Bull , Caroline Guandalin , Chris Addis

Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) provide a robust standard ruler, and can be used to constrain the expansion history of the Universe at low redshift. Standard BAO analyses return a model-independent measurement of the expansion rate and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-01-04 José Luis Bernal , Tristan L. Smith , Kimberly K. Boddy , Marc Kamionkowski

We employ an analytical approach to investigate the signatures of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs) on the convergence power spectrum of weak lensing by large scale structure. It is shown that the BAOs wiggles can be found in both of the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Tong-Jie Zhang , Qiang Yuan , Tian Lan

In order to study the "Cosmic Dawn" and the Epoch of Reionization with 21 cm tomography, we need to statistically separate the cosmological signal from foregrounds known to be orders of magnitude brighter. Over the last few years, we have…