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Using high-speed photography coupled with optical interference, we experimentally study the air entrapment during a liquid drop impacting a solid substrate. We observe the formation of a compressed air film before the liquid touches the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2013-02-01 Yuan Liu , Peng Tan , Lei Xu

We investigated the formation of granular focused jets defined as narrow upward ejections of grains triggered by impulsive forces and shaped by kinematic focusing on a concave free surface. The jets were generated from nonfluidized granular…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-08-19 Kazuya U. Kobayashi , Pradipto , Yoshiyuki Tagawa

Energy and momentum loss of jets in heavy ion collisions can affect the fluid dynamic evolution of the medium. We determine realistic event-by-event averages and correlation functions of the local energy-momentum transfer from hard…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2014-07-08 Stefan Floerchinger , Korinna C. Zapp

A fluid jet with a finite angular velocity is subject to centripetal forces in addition to surface tension forces. At fixed angular momentum, centripetal forces become large when the radius of the jet goes to zero. We study the possible…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jens Eggers , Michael P. Brenner

In this paper, we present a simplified theoretical model based on the method of images that predicts the direction of the microjet produced after the implosion of the cavitation bubble created in between a free interface and rigid wall. Our…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-08-11 Akihito Kiyama , Takaaki Shimazaki , José Manuel Gordillo , Yoshiyuki Tagawa

We present a new, approximate method for modelling the acceleration and collimation of relativistic jets in the presence of gravity. This method is self-similar throughout the computational domain where gravitational effects are negligible…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 Peter Polko , David L. Meier , Sera Markoff

We investigate the feedback of the stellar jets on the surrounding interstellar gas based on 2D and 3D simulations applying HD and MHD module of PLUTO 4.2 code. The main question we address is whether the stellar jet can be considered as a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-10-09 Somayeh Sheikhnezami , Mohsen Abgharian-Afoushteh

A spherical droplet is given an initial rotation in the streamwise direction and is impulsively accelerated by a uniform free stream. Numerical results for the deformation and dynamics of the droplet are obtained by utilising a finite…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-10-21 Eric K. W. Poon , Shaoping Quan , Jing Lou , Andrew S. H. Ooi

We present the results of three dimensional relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of interaction of AGN jets with a dense turbulent two-phase interstellar medium, which would be typical of high redshift galaxies. We describe the effect of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-06-15 Dipanjan Mukherjee , Geoffrey V. Bicknell , Ralph S. Sutherland , A. Y. Wagner

Underexpanded jets are present in various engineering applications; in recent years, they have gained special attention because of the development of gas-fueled propulsion systems. In these apparatuses, the direct injection of fuels such as…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-09-15 Francesco Duronio , Andrea Di Mascio

The paper describes the production of thin, focused microjets with velocities up to 850 m/s by the rapid vaporization of a small mass of liquid in an open liquid-filled capillary. The vaporization is caused by the absorption of a low-energy…

We investigate the dynamics and morphology of jets propagating into the interstellar medium using 2D relativistic hydrodynamic simulations. The calculations are performed assuming axisymmetric geometry and trace a long propagation of jets.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Akira Mizuta , Shoichi Yamada , Hideaki Takabe

Experiments on the impact of a densely-packed jet of non-cohesive grains onto a fixed target show that the impact produces an ejecta sheet comprised of particles in collimated motion. The ejecta sheet leaves the target at a well-defined…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2012-01-27 Jake Ellowitz , Nicholas Guttenberg , Wendy W. Zhang

Turbulent emulsions are ubiquitous in chemical engineering, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and other fields. However, our experimental understanding of this area remains limited due to the multi-scale nature of turbulent flow and the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-04-08 Yaning Fan , Yi-Bao Zhang , Jinghong Su , Lei Yi , Cheng Wang , Chao Sun

Drops of active liquid crystal have recently shown the ability to self-propel, which was associated with topological defects in the orientation of active filaments [Sanchez {\em et al.}, Nature {\bf 491}, 431 (2013)]. Here, we study the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-07-05 Diana Khoromskaia , Gareth P. Alexander

When a drop impacts a solid substrate or a thin liquid film, a thin gas disc is entrapped due to surface tension, the gas disc retracts into one or several bubbles. While the evolution of the gas disc for impact on solid substrate or film…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-12-09 Pierre-Antoine Maës , Alidad Amirfazli , Christophe Josserand

We study the bursting of a bubble on a liquid free surface under critical conditions, i.e., those leading to the minimum (maximum) size (velocity) of the first-emitted jet droplet. Our experiments show that a tiny amount of surfactant…

This study examines the pressure exerted by a cavitation bubble collapsing near a rigid wall. A laser-generated bubble in a water basin undergoes growth, collapse, second growth, and final collapse. Shock waves and liquid jets from…

The base of a jet impinging on an ultrapure water bath is studied experimentally. At the impact point, a train of capillary waves develops along the jet. By performing Particle Tracking Velocity measurements, we show that there is a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-16 Théophile Gaichies , Arnaud Antkowiak , Anniiina Salonen , Emmanuelle Rio

A conceptual model relating the whitecap coverage to the bubble plume buoyancy is developed following the observation that the entrained bubble plume buoyancy constitutes a large portion of the breaking wave energy dissipation. The…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-06-27 Paul A. Hwang