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Related papers: Risky-Bench: Probing Agentic Safety Risks under Re…

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Research on the safety evaluation of large language models (LLMs) has become extensive, driven by jailbreak studies that elicit unsafe responses. Such response involves information already available to humans, such as the answer to "how to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Yu Cui , Yifei Liu , Hang Fu , Sicheng Pan , Haibin Zhang , Cong Zuo , Licheng Wang

Autonomous control systems face significant challenges in performing complex tasks in the presence of latent risks. To address this, we propose an integrated framework that combines Large Language Models (LLMs), numerical optimization, and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-08 Xiyu Deng , Quan Khanh Luu , Anh Van Ho , Yorie Nakahira

The evolution of Large Language Models (LLMs) has resulted in a paradigm shift towards autonomous agents, necessitating robust security against Prompt Injection (PI) vulnerabilities where untrusted inputs hijack agent behaviors. This SoK…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Peiran Wang , Xinfeng Li , Chong Xiang , Jinghuai Zhang , Ying Li , Lixia Zhang , Xiaofeng Wang , Yuan Tian

With the widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs), their associated security issues have become increasingly prominent, severely constraining their trustworthy deployment in critical domains. This paper proposes a novel safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Qi Li , Jianjun Xu , Pingtao Wei , Jiu Li , Peiqiang Zhao , Jiwei Shi , Xuan Zhang , Yanhui Yang , Xiaodong Hui , Peng Xu , Wenqin Shao

The success of large language models (LLMs) in scientific domains has heightened safety concerns, prompting numerous benchmarks to evaluate their scientific safety. Existing benchmarks often suffer from limited risk coverage and a reliance…

Autonomous Driving (AD) encounters significant safety hurdles in long-tail unforeseen driving scenarios, largely stemming from the non-interpretability and poor generalization of the deep neural networks within the AD system, particularly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Yixuan Wang , Ruochen Jiao , Sinong Simon Zhan , Chengtian Lang , Chao Huang , Zhaoran Wang , Zhuoran Yang , Qi Zhu

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as educational agents for automatic short answer grading (ASAG) in real-world educational environments, significantly boosting assessment efficiency and scalability. However, when these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Xueyi Li , Zhuoneng Zhou , Zitao Liu , Yongdong Wu

A central challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is its dependence on extensive real-world interaction data to learn task-specific policies. While recent work demonstrates that large language models (LLMs) can mitigate this limitation by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Jing-Cheng Pang , Kaiyuan Li , Yidi Wang , Si-Hang Yang , Shengyi Jiang , Yang Yu

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Intelligent Virtual Agents acting as psychotherapists presents significant opportunities for expanding mental healthcare access. However, their deployment has also been linked to serious…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ian Steenstra , Timothy W. Bickmore

The increasing integration of large language models (LLMs) into mental health applications necessitates robust frameworks for evaluating professional safety alignment. Current evaluative approaches primarily rely on refusal-based safety…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yaling Shen , Stephanie Fong , Yiwen Jiang , Zimu Wang , Feilong Tang , Qingyang Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Zhongxing Xu , Jiahe Liu , Jinpeng Hu , Dominic Dwyer , Zongyuan Ge

The transition from monolithic language models to modular, skill-equipped agents marks a defining shift in how large language models (LLMs) are deployed in practice. Rather than encoding all procedural knowledge within model weights, agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Renjun Xu , Yang Yan

Recent advancements in model architectures and length extrapolation techniques have significantly extended the context length of large language models (LLMs), paving the way for their application in increasingly complex tasks. However,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to enhance Agent-Based Modeling by better representing complex interdependent cybersecurity systems, improving cybersecurity threat modeling and risk management. However, evaluating LLMs in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Tam n. Nguyen

Agents based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities across a wide range of tasks. However, deploying LLM-based agents in high-stakes domains comes with significant safety and ethical risks. Unethical behavior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Baixiang Huang , Zhen Tan , Haoran Wang , Zijie Liu , Dawei Li , Ali Payani , Huan Liu , Tianlong Chen , Kai Shu

Rare, yet critical, scenarios pose a significant challenge in testing and evaluating autonomous driving planners. Relying solely on real-world driving scenes requires collecting massive datasets to capture these scenarios. While automatic…

This paper examines why safety mechanisms designed for human-model interaction do not scale to environments where large language models (LLMs) interact with each other. Most current governance practices still rely on single-agent safety…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Piercosma Bisconti , Marcello Galisai , Federico Pierucci , Marcantonio Bracale , Matteo Prandi

Rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have revitalized in LLM-based agents, exhibiting impressive human-like behaviors and cooperative capabilities in various scenarios. However, these agents also bring some exclusive risks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Yu Tian , Xiao Yang , Jingyuan Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su

AI agents that autonomously interact with external tools and environments have shown great promise across real-world applications. However, their reliance on external data exposes them to serious indirect prompt injection attacks, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hao Li , Ruoyao Wen , Shanghao Shi , Ning Zhang , Yevgeniy Vorobeychik , Chaowei Xiao

Ensuring the safety and alignment of Large Language Models is a significant challenge with their growing integration into critical applications and societal functions. While prior research has primarily focused on jailbreak attacks, less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jiawei Chen , Zhengwei Fang , Yu Tian , Jiawei Du , Chao Yu , Zhaoxia Yin , Hang Su

Agentic methods have emerged as a powerful and autonomous paradigm that enhances reasoning, collaboration, and adaptive control, enabling systems to coordinate and independently solve complex tasks. We extend this paradigm to safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Juan Ren , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem
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