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The SZZ algorithm is the dominant technique for identifying bug-inducing commits and underpins many software engineering tasks, such as defect prediction and vulnerability analysis. Despite numerous variants, including recent LLM-based…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Yunbo Lyu , Jieke Shi , Hong Jin Kang , Ratnadira Widyasari , Junda He , Yuqing Niu , Chengran Yang , Junkai Chen , Zhou Yang , Julia Lawall , David Lo

\'Sliwerski, Zimmermann, and Zeller (SZZ) just won the 2026 ACM SIGSOFT Impact Award for asking: When do changes induce fixes? Their paper from 2005 served as the foundation for a wide array of approaches aimed at identifying…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Niklas Risse , Marcel Böhme

Software bugs cost technology providers (e.g., AT&T) billions annually and cause developers to spend roughly 50% of their time on bug resolution. Traditional methods for bug localization often analyze the suspiciousness of code components…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Asif Mohammed Samir , Mohammad Masudur Rahman

The Just-In-Time (JIT) defect prediction model serves as a critical tool for ensuring the quality of software development and enhancing software performance. It assists development teams in promptly identifying and addressing potential…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Weihao Sun , Qiyun Zhao

The SZZ algorithm is the dominant technique for identifying bug-inducing commits and serves as a foundation for many software engineering studies, such as bug prediction and static code analysis. Researchers have proposed many variants to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Lingxiao Tang , Jiakun Liu , Zhongxin Liu , Xiaohu Yang , Lingfeng Bao

A Bug Inducing Commit (BIC) is a code change that introduces a bug into the codebase. Although the abnormal or unexpected behavior caused by the bug may not manifest immediately, it will eventually lead to program failures further down the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Gabin An , Jinsu Choi , Jingun Hong , Naryeong Kim , Shin Yoo

Accurate vulnerability-inducing commit identification serves as a foundation for a series of software security tasks, such as vulnerability detection and affected version analysis. A straightforward solution is the SZZ algorithm, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Sicong Cao , Jinxuan Xu , Le Yu , Jing Yang , Xingwei Lin , Linlin Zhu , Fu Xiao

The SZZ algorithm is used to connect bug-fixing commits to the earlier commits that introduced bugs. This algorithm has many applications and many variants have been devised. However, there are some types of commits that cannot be traced by…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Yunbo Lyu , Hong Jin Kang , Ratnadira Widyasari , Julia Lawall , David Lo

Detecting Bug Inducing Commit (BIC) or Just in Time (JIT) defect prediction using Machine Learning (ML) based models requires tabulated feature values extracted from the source code or historical maintenance data of a software system.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Md Nadim , Banani Roy

Fuzzers and static analyzers find many bugs but struggle with logic bugs in mature codebases. Triggering such a bug often requires multi-step reasoning that produces no distinctive execution feedback, and variants can appear across…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Junyoung Park , Insu Yun

The SZZ algorithm represents a standard way to identify bug fixing commits as well as inducing counterparts. It forms the basis for data sets used in numerous empirical studies. Since its creation, multiple extensions have been proposed to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Peter Bludau , Alexander Pretschner

Temporal knowledge graphs (TKGs) structurally preserve evolving human knowledge. Recent research has focused on designing models to learn the evolutionary nature of TKGs to predict future facts, achieving impressive results. For instance,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhang Jiasheng , Li Zhangpin , Wang Mingzhe , Shao Jie , Cui Jiangtao , Li Hui

In software maintenance, bug reproduction is essential for effective fault localization and repair. Manually writing reproduction scripts is a time-consuming task with high requirements for developers. Hence, automation of bug reproduction…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-11-28 Xinchen Wang , Pengfei Gao , Xiangxin Meng , Chao Peng , Ruida Hu , Yun Lin , Cuiyun Gao

Background: Compilers are fundamental to software development, translating high-level source code into executable software systems. Faults in compilers can have severe consequences and thus effective localization and resolution of compiler…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Yibiao Yang , Qingyang Li , Maolin Sun , Jiangchang Wu , Yuming Zhou

Bug localization remains a key bottleneck in downstream software maintenance tasks, including root cause analysis, triage, and automated program repair (APR), despite recent advances in large language model (LLM)-based repair systems.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Md Afif Al Mamun , Gias Uddin

Temporal knowledge graph (TKG) reasoning aims to infer future facts at unseen timestamps from temporally evolving entities and relations. Despite recent progress, existing approaches still suffer from inherent limitations due to their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Shuai-Long Lei , Xiaobin Zhu , Jiarui Liang , Guoxi Sun , Zhiyu Fang , Xu-Cheng Yin

Bug bisection has been an important security task that aims to understand the range of software versions impacted by a bug, i.e., identifying the commit that introduced the bug. However, traditional patch-based bisection methods are faced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Zheng Zhang , Haonan Li , Xingyu Li , Hang Zhang , Zhiyun Qian

Current knowledge-enhanced large language models (LLMs) rely on static, pre-constructed knowledge bases that suffer from coverage gaps and temporal obsolescence, limiting their effectiveness in dynamic information environments. We present…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Jing Li , Zhijie Sun , Zhicheng Zhou , Suming Qiu , Junjie Huang , Haijia Sun , Linyuan Qiu

Temporal knowledge graph reasoning (TKGR) aims to predict future events by inferring missing entities with dynamic knowledge structures. Existing LLM-based reasoning methods prioritize contextual over structural relations, struggling to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shiqi Fan , Quanming Yao , Hongyi Nie , Wentao Ma , Zhen Wang , Wen Hua

A Bug Inducing Commit (BIC) is a commit that introduces a software bug into the codebase. Knowing the relevant BIC for a given bug can provide valuable information for debugging as well as bug triaging. However, existing BIC identification…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Gabin An , Jingun Hong , Naryeong Kim , Shin Yoo
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