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We prove that a variant of the classical Sobolev space of first-order dominating mixed smoothness is equivalent (under a certain condition) to the unanchored ANOVA space on $\mathbb{R}^d$, for $d \geq 1$. Both spaces are Hilbert spaces…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Alexander D. Gilbert , Frances Y. Kuo , Ian H. Sloan

In the current era of vast data and transparent machine learning, it is essential for techniques to operate at a large scale while providing a clear mathematical comprehension of the internal workings of the method. Although there already…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-02-05 David Rügamer

We study projection-free optimization for convex objectives that satisfy abs-smoothness, a structural property that captures many non-smooth yet piecewise smooth functions arising, e.g., in modern machine learning models. We develop a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Sri Harshitha Tadinada , Sebastian Pokutta , Andrea Walther

We propose modeling raw functional data as a mixture of a smooth function and a highdimensional factor component. The conventional approach to retrieving the smooth function from the raw data is through various smoothing techniques.…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-02-05 Yuan Gao , Han Lin Shang , Yanrong Yang

The analysis of variance (ANOVA) decomposition offers a systematic method to understand the interaction effects that contribute to a specific decision output. In this paper we introduce Neural-ANOVA, an approach to decompose neural networks…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-01 Steffen Limmer , Steffen Udluft , Clemens Otte

We introduce a new class of conditional autoregressive models for spatially dependent functional data, formulated through conditional means given neighboring functional observations and characterized by a covariance operator and a spatial…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-22 Sooran Kim

Predicting scalar outcomes using functional predictors is a classic problem in functional data analysis. In many applications, however, only specific locations or time-points of the functional predictors have an impact on the outcome. Such…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Dominik Poß , Dominik Liebl , Alois Kneip , Hedwig Eisenbarth , Tor D. Wager , Lisa Feldman Barrett

Random smoothing data augmentation is a unique form of regularization that can prevent overfitting by introducing noise to the input data, encouraging the model to learn more generalized features. Despite its success in various…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-15 Liang Ding , Tianyang Hu , Jiahang Jiang , Donghao Li , Wenjia Wang , Yuan Yao

Harnessing the predictive capability of Markov process models requires propagating probability density functions (beliefs) through the model. For many existing models however, belief propagation is analytically infeasible, requiring…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Peter Amorese , Morteza Lahijanian

This study introduces a novel spatial autoregressive model in which the dependent variable is a function that may exhibit functional autocorrelation with the outcome functions of nearby units. This model can be characterized as a…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-10-02 Tadao Hoshino

We propose a new framework for the simultaneous inference of monotone and smoothly time-varying functions under complex temporal dynamics. This will be done utilizing the monotone rearrangement and the nonparametric estimation. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-20 Tianpai Luo , Weichi Wu

In this work, we consider causal inference in various high-dimensional treatment settings, including for single multi-valued treatments and vector treatments with binary or continuous components, when the number of treatments can be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Patrick Kramer , Edward H. Kennedy , Isaac M. Opper

Suppose that we wish to estimate a finite-dimensional summary of one or more function-valued features of an underlying data-generating mechanism under a nonparametric model. One approach to estimation is by plugging in flexible estimates of…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-28 Hongxiang Qiu , Alex Luedtke , Marco Carone

This paper discusses semiparametric inference on hypotheses on the cointegration and the attractor spaces for $I(1)$ linear processes with moderately large cross-sectional dimension. The approach is based on empirical canonical correlations…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-17 Massimo Franchi , Paolo Paruolo

We consider the convolution model where i.i.d. random variables $X_i$ having unknown density $f$ are observed with additive i.i.d. noise, independent of the $X$'s. We assume that the density $f$ belongs to either a Sobolev class or a class…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Cristina Butucea

Functional data are typically modeled as sample paths of smooth stochastic processes in order to mitigate the fact that they are often observed discretely and noisily, occasionally irregularly and sparsely. The smoothness assumption is…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-23 Neda Mohammadi , Victor M. Panaretos

This paper develops and implements a practical simulation-based method for estimating dynamic discrete choice models. The method, which can accommodate lagged dependent variables, serially correlated errors, unobserved variables, and many…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-23 Marianne Bruins , James A. Duffy , Michael P. Keane , Anthony A. Smith

In this paper, we investigate the hypothesis testing problem that checks whether part of covariates / confounders significantly affect the heterogeneous treatment effect given all covariates. This model checking is particularly useful in…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-09-24 Niwen Zhou , Xu Guo , Lixing Zhu

This paper discusses a general framework for smoothing parameter estimation for models with regular likelihoods constructed in terms of unknown smooth functions of covariates. Gaussian random effects and parametric terms may also be…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-05-10 Simon N. Wood , Natalya Pya , Benjamin Säfken

Estimators based on influence functions (IFs) have been shown to be effective in many settings, especially when combined with machine learning techniques. By focusing on estimating a specific target of interest (e.g., the average effect of…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-29 Aaron Fisher , Edward H. Kennedy