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Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has been successfully used to align large language models (LLMs) according to human preferences, and more recently it has also been applied to improving the quality of text-to-image diffusion models.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Shivanshu Shekhar , Shreyas Singh , Tong Zhang

Though image-to-sequence generation models have become overwhelmingly popular in human-computer communications, they suffer from strongly favoring safe generic questions ("What is in this picture?"). Generating uninformative but relevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-28 Ranjay Krishna , Michael Bernstein , Li Fei-Fei

Generating preferred images using generative adversarial networks (GANs) is challenging owing to the high-dimensional nature of latent space. In this study, we propose a novel approach that uses simple user-swipe interactions to generate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Yuto Nakashima , Mingzhe Yang , Yukino Baba

How humans interpret and produce images is influenced by the images we have been exposed to. Similarly, visual generative AI models are exposed to many training images and learn to generate new images based on this. Given the importance of…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Nanne van Noord , Noa Garcia

Like many optimizers, Bayesian optimization often falls short of gaining user trust due to opacity. While attempts have been made to develop human-centric optimizers, they typically assume user knowledge is well-specified and error-free,…

Diffusion models are the state of the art in text-to-image generation, but their perceptual variability remains understudied. In this paper, we examine how prompts affect image variability in black-box diffusion-based models. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Raphael Tang , Xinyu Zhang , Lixinyu Xu , Yao Lu , Wenyan Li , Pontus Stenetorp , Jimmy Lin , Ferhan Ture

We propose a data-driven approach for context-aware person image generation. Specifically, we attempt to generate a person image such that the synthesized instance can blend into a complex scene. In our method, the position, scale, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Prasun Roy , Saumik Bhattacharya , Subhankar Ghosh , Umapada Pal , Michael Blumenstein

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an integral part of automated scientific discovery -- the so-called self-driving lab -- where human inputs are ideally minimal or at least non-blocking. However, scientists often have strong intuition, and thus…

Humans leverage compositionality to efficiently learn new concepts, understanding how familiar parts can combine together to form novel objects. In contrast, popular computer vision models struggle to make the same types of inferences,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Yanli Zhou , Reuben Feinman , Brenden M. Lake

Human feedback plays a critical role in learning and refining reward models for text-to-image generation, but the optimal form the feedback should take for learning an accurate reward function has not been conclusively established. This…

Person image generation is an intriguing yet challenging problem. However, this task becomes even more difficult under constrained situations. In this work, we propose a novel pipeline to generate and insert contextually relevant person…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Prasun Roy , Subhankar Ghosh , Saumik Bhattacharya , Umapada Pal , Michael Blumenstein

Generative text-to-image models have gained great popularity among the public for their powerful capability to generate high-quality images based on natural language prompts. However, developing effective prompts for desired images can be…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Yingchaojie Feng , Xingbo Wang , Kam Kwai Wong , Sijia Wang , Yuhong Lu , Minfeng Zhu , Baicheng Wang , Wei Chen

Recent text-to-image diffusion models are able to learn and synthesize images containing novel, personalized concepts (e.g., their own pets or specific items) with just a few examples for training. This paper tackles two interconnected…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Chun-Hsiao Yeh , Ta-Ying Cheng , He-Yen Hsieh , Chuan-En Lin , Yi Ma , Andrew Markham , Niki Trigoni , H. T. Kung , Yubei Chen

Many recommendation systems limit user inputs to text strings or behavior signals such as clicks and purchases, and system outputs to a list of products sorted by relevance. With the advent of generative AI, users have come to expect richer…

Bayesian optimization (BO) has emerged during the last few years as an effective approach to optimizing black-box functions where direct queries of the objective are expensive. In this paper we consider the case where direct access to the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-13 Javier Gonzalez , Zhenwen Dai , Andreas Damianou , Neil D. Lawrence

A big part of achieving Artificial General Intelligence(AGI) is to build a machine that can see and listen like humans. Much work has focused on designing models for image classification, video classification, object detection, pose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Ruotian Luo

TIPO (Text-to-Image Prompt Optimization) introduces an efficient approach for automatic prompt refinement in text-to-image (T2I) generation. Starting from simple user prompts, TIPO leverages a lightweight pre-trained model to expand these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Shih-Ying Yeh , Yi Li , Sang-Hyun Park , Giyeong Oh , Xuehai Wang , Min Song , Youngjae Yu , Shang-Hong Lai

Recent advances in multi-modal vision and language tasks enable a new set of applications. In this paper, we consider the task of generating natural language fashion feedback on outfit images. We collect a unique dataset, which contains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Gil Sadeh , Lior Fritz , Gabi Shalev , Eduard Oks

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a widely-used sequential method for zeroth-order optimization of complex and expensive-to-compute black-box functions. The existing BO methods assume that the function evaluation (feedback) is available to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Arun Verma , Zhongxiang Dai , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is a popular approach to optimizing expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. Despite the success of BO, its performance may decrease exponentially as the dimensionality increases. A common framework to tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Quoc-Anh Hoang Nguyen , The Hung Tran