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Large language models for code are advancing fast, yet our ability to evaluate them lags behind. Current benchmarks focus on narrow tasks and single metrics, which hide critical gaps in robustness, interpretability, fairness, efficiency,…

Language Models (LMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities with core Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. The effectiveness of LMs for highly specialized knowledge-intensive tasks in finance remains difficult to assess due to major…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Glenn Matlin , Mika Okamoto , Huzaifa Pardawala , Yang Yang , Sudheer Chava

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into real-world, autonomous applications, relying on static, pre-annotated references for evaluation poses significant challenges in cost, scalability, and completeness. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Sher Badshah , Ali Emami , Hassan Sajjad

Threat modeling is a crucial component of cybersecurity, particularly for industries such as banking, where the security of financial data is paramount. Traditional threat modeling approaches require expert intervention and manual effort,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Tingmin Wu , Shuiqiao Yang , Shigang Liu , David Nguyen , Seung Jang , Alsharif Abuadbba

Practitioners often navigate LLM performance trade-offs by plotting Pareto frontiers of optimal accuracy-cost trade-offs. However, this approach offers no way to compare between LLMs with distinct strengths and weaknesses: for example, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Michael J. Zellinger , Matt Thomson

Benchmarks establish a standardized evaluation framework to systematically assess the performance of large language models (LLMs), facilitating objective comparisons and driving advancements in the field. However, existing benchmarks fail…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziqian Zhang , Xingjian Hu , Yue Huang , Kai Zhang , Ruoxi Chen , Yixin Liu , Qingsong Wen , Kaidi Xu , Xiangliang Zhang , Neil Zhenqiang Gong , Lichao Sun

Large language models(LLMs) have garnered significant attention and demonstrated impressive capabilities in a wide range of applications. However, due to their enormous computational costs, the deployment and application of LLMs are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jialong Guo , Xinghao Chen , Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in automating software development tasks, yet their capabilities with respect to software design tasks remains largely unclear. This study investigates the capabilities of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 L. P. Franciscatto Guerra , N. Ernst

Test collections are information-retrieval tools that allow researchers to quickly and easily evaluate ranking algorithms. While test collections have become an integral part of IR research, the process of data creation involves significant…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Rikiya Takehi , Ellen M. Voorhees , Tetsuya Sakai , Ian Soboroff

The availability of a wide range of large language models (LLMs) embedded in various agentic systems has significantly increased the potential of model selection strategies to improve the cost-performance tradeoff. Existing strategies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jasper Dekoninck , Maximilian Baader , Martin Vechev

Large Language Models (LLMs) have delivered impressive results in language understanding, generation, reasoning, and pushes the ability boundary of multimodal models. Transformer models, as the foundation of modern LLMs, offer a strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Weigao Sun , Jiaxi Hu , Yucheng Zhou , Jusen Du , Disen Lan , Kexin Wang , Tong Zhu , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyu Mo , Daizong Liu , Yuxuan Liang , Wenliang Chen , Guoqi Li , Yu Cheng

Recent advances in language models opened new opportunities to address complex schema matching tasks. Schema matching approaches have been proposed that demonstrate the usefulness of language models, but they have also uncovered important…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yurong Liu , Eduardo Pena , Aecio Santos , Eden Wu , Juliana Freire

Large language models (LLMs) process and predict sequences containing text to answer questions, and address tasks including document summarization, providing recommendations, writing software and solving quantitative problems. We provide a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-02 Ricardo Baptista , Andrew Stuart , Son Tran

Large language model (LLM)-enhanced recommendation models inject LLM representations into backbone recommenders to exploit rich item text without inference-time LLM cost. However, we find that existing LLM-enhanced methods significantly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zhangchi Zhu , Wei Zhang

Large language model (LLM) routing assigns each query to the most suitable model from an ensemble. We introduce LLMRouterBench, a large-scale benchmark and unified framework for LLM routing. It comprises over 400K instances from 21 datasets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Hao Li , Yiqun Zhang , Zhaoyan Guo , Chenxu Wang , Shengji Tang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Yang Chen , Biqing Qi , Peng Ye , Lei Bai , Zhen Wang , Shuyue Hu

This paper explores the multi-dimensional challenges faced during the development of Large Language Models (LLMs), including the massive scale of model parameters and file sizes, the complexity of development environment configuration, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Wilson Wei , Nicholas Chen , Yuxuan Li

Talent recruitment is a critical, yet costly process for many industries, with high recruitment costs and long hiring cycles. Existing talent recommendation systems increasingly adopt large language models (LLMs) due to their remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Silin Du , Hongyan Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being increasingly used as a building block in data systems to process large text datasets. To do so, LLM model providers offer multiple LLMs with different sizes, spanning various cost-quality trade-offs…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Sepanta Zeighami , Shreya Shankar , Aditya Parameswaran

The rapid advancement of AI technologies and their accelerated adoption in software development necessitates a systematic evaluation of their environmental impact alongside functional correctness. While prior studies have examined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Mohammadjavad Mehditabar , Saurabhsingh Rajput , Antonio Mastropaolo , Tushar Sharma

Planning for both immediate and long-term benefits becomes increasingly important in recommendation. Existing methods apply Reinforcement Learning (RL) to learn planning capacity by maximizing cumulative reward for long-term recommendation.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Wentao Shi , Xiangnan He , Yang Zhang , Chongming Gao , Xinyue Li , Jizhi Zhang , Qifan Wang , Fuli Feng