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In-context learning (ICL) enables models to adapt to new tasks via inference-time demonstrations. Despite its success in large language models, the extension of ICL to multimodal settings remains poorly understood in terms of its internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yu Wang , Sharon Li

With a handful of demonstration examples, large-scale language models show strong capability to perform various tasks by in-context learning from these examples, without any fine-tuning. We demonstrate that in-context learning performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Yiming Zhang , Shi Feng , Chenhao Tan

Acoustic word embedding models map variable duration speech segments to fixed dimensional vectors, enabling efficient speech search and discovery. Previous work explored how embeddings can be obtained in zero-resource settings where no…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-25 Christiaan Jacobs , Herman Kamper

Choosing an appropriate tokenization scheme is often a bottleneck in low-resource cross-lingual transfer. To understand the downstream implications of text representation choices, we perform a comparative analysis on language models having…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Md Mushfiqur Rahman , Fardin Ahsan Sakib , Fahim Faisal , Antonios Anastasopoulos

As large language models (LLMs) show impressive performance on complex tasks, they still struggle with longer contextual understanding and high computational costs. To balance efficiency and quality, we introduce LLMSteer, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Zhuohan Gu , Jiayi Yao , Kuntai Du , Junchen Jiang

Steering vectors have emerged as a lightweight and effective approach for aligning large language models (LLMs) at inference time, enabling modulation over model behaviors by shifting LLM representations towards a target behavior. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Soham Gadgil , Chris Lin , Su-In Lee

Training monolingual language models for low and mid-resource languages is made challenging by limited and often inadequate pretraining data. In this study, we propose a novel model conversion strategy to address this issue, adapting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-06 François Remy , Pieter Delobelle , Bettina Berendt , Kris Demuynck , Thomas Demeester

Providing better language tools for low-resource and endangered languages is imperative for equitable growth. Recent progress with massively multilingual pretrained models has proven surprisingly effective at performing zero-shot transfer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Louis Clouâtre , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Amal Zouaq , Sarath Chandar

In-context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful capability alongside the development of scaled-up large language models (LLMs). By instructing LLMs using few-shot demonstrative examples, ICL enables them to perform a wide range of tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Quanyu Long , Yin Wu , Wenya Wang , Sinno Jialin Pan

While modern Transformer-based language models (LMs) have achieved major success in multi-task generalization, they often struggle to capture long-range dependencies within their context window. This work introduces a novel approach using…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Alok N. Shah , Khush Gupta , Keshav Ramji , Pratik Chaudhari

Human listeners readily adjust to unfamiliar speakers and language varieties through exposure, but do these adaptation benefits extend to state-of-the-art spoken language models? We introduce a scalable framework that allows for in-context…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Nathan Roll , Calbert Graham , Yuka Tatsumi , Kim Tien Nguyen , Meghan Sumner , Dan Jurafsky

State-of-the-art Vision-Language Models (VLMs) ground the vision and the language modality primarily via projecting the vision tokens from the encoder to language-like tokens, which are directly fed to the Large Language Model (LLM)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Sivan Doveh , Shaked Perek , M. Jehanzeb Mirza , Wei Lin , Amit Alfassy , Assaf Arbelle , Shimon Ullman , Leonid Karlinsky

We present ONERULER, a multilingual benchmark designed to evaluate long-context language models across 26 languages. ONERULER adapts the English-only RULER benchmark (Hsieh et al., 2024) by including seven synthetic tasks that test both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Yekyung Kim , Jenna Russell , Marzena Karpinska , Mohit Iyyer

Language-guided active sensing is a robotics subtask where a robot with an onboard sensor interacts efficiently with the environment via object manipulation to maximize perceptual information, following given language instructions. These…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Weihan Chen , Hanwen Ren , Ahmed H. Qureshi

The adaption of multilingual pre-trained LLMs into eloquent and helpful assistants is essential to facilitate their use across different language regions. In that spirit, we are the first to conduct an extensive study of the performance of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Alexander Arno Weber , Klaudia Thellmann , Jan Ebert , Nicolas Flores-Herr , Jens Lehmann , Michael Fromm , Mehdi Ali

Multilingual pretraining typically lacks explicit alignment signals, leading to suboptimal cross-lingual alignment in the representation space. In this work, we show that training standard pretrained models for cross-lingual alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Barah Fazili , Koustava Goswami

In high-conflict mixed-traffic scenarios involving human-driven and autonomous vehicles, most existing autonomous driving systems default to overly conservative behaviors, lack proactive interaction, and consequently suffer from limited…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Xinwei Dong , Jiyang Li , Jiabin Xie , Yang Yi , Tianshang Jia , Shiyu Fang , Ye Tian , Peng Hang

Language Models (LMs) recently incorporate mixture-of-experts layers consisting of a router and a collection of experts to scale up their parameter count given a fixed computational budget. Building on previous efforts indicating that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Stefan Arnold , Marian Fietta , Dilara Yesilbas

Multi-lingual contextualized embeddings, such as multilingual-BERT (mBERT), have shown success in a variety of zero-shot cross-lingual tasks. However, these models are limited by having inconsistent contextualized representations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Libo Qin , Minheng Ni , Yue Zhang , Wanxiang Che

Large language models (LMs) are currently trained to predict tokens given document prefixes, enabling them to directly perform long-form generation and prompting-style tasks which can be reduced to document completion. Existing pretraining…