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Deployment of Transformer models on edge devices is becoming increasingly challenging due to the exponentially growing inference cost that scales quadratically with the number of tokens in the input sequence. Token pruning is an emerging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Hongjie Wang , Bhishma Dedhia , Niraj K. Jha

Token compression aims to speed up large-scale vision transformers (e.g. ViTs) by pruning (dropping) or merging tokens. It is an important but challenging task. Although recent advanced approaches achieved great success, they need to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Mengzhao Chen , Wenqi Shao , Peng Xu , Mingbao Lin , Kaipeng Zhang , Fei Chao , Rongrong Ji , Yu Qiao , Ping Luo

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are becoming a common presence in many applications and services, due to their superior recognition accuracy. They are increasingly being used on mobile devices, many times just by porting large models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Valentin Radu , Kuba Kaszyk , Yuan Wen , Jack Turner , Jose Cano , Elliot J. Crowley , Bjorn Franke , Amos Storkey , Michael O'Boyle

Overparameterization has been shown to benefit both the optimization and generalization of neural networks, but large networks are resource hungry at both training and test time. Network pruning can reduce test-time resource requirements,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-10 Chaoqi Wang , Guodong Zhang , Roger Grosse

Deep learning harnesses massive parallel floating-point processing to train and evaluate large neural networks. Trends indicate that deeper and larger neural networks with an increasing number of parameters achieve higher accuracy than…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Brad Larson , Bishal Upadhyaya , Luke McDermott , Siddha Ganju

State-of-the-art convolutional neural networks (CNNs) used in vision applications have large models with numerous weights. Training these models is very compute- and memory-resource intensive. Much research has been done on pruning or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Sangkug Lym , Esha Choukse , Siavash Zangeneh , Wei Wen , Sujay Sanghavi , Mattan Erez

Scaling deep neural networks (NN) of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms has been shown to enhance performance when feature extraction networks are used but the gained performance comes at the significant expense of increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Valentin Frank Ingmar Guenter , Athanasios Sideris

The enormous inference cost of deep neural networks can be scaled down by network compression. Pruning is one of the predominant approaches used for deep network compression. However, existing pruning techniques have one or more of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Sai Aparna Aketi , Sourjya Roy , Anand Raghunathan , Kaushik Roy

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are hard to deploy on edge devices due to its high computation and storage complexities. As a common practice for model compression, network pruning consists of two major categories: unstructured and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Yuchuan Tian , Hanting Chen , Tianyu Guo , Chao Xu , Yunhe Wang

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) may not be worth their computational/memory costs when used in mobile phones or embedded devices. Parameter-pruning algorithms combat these costs, with some algorithms capable of removing over 90% of an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-05-08 Brian Bartoldson , Adrian Barbu , Gordon Erlebacher

Structured pruning is an effective approach for compressing large pre-trained neural networks without significantly affecting their performance. However, most current structured pruning methods do not provide any performance guarantees, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Marwa El Halabi , Suraj Srinivas , Simon Lacoste-Julien

Pruning methods have recently grown in popularity as an effective way to reduce the size and computational complexity of deep neural networks. Large numbers of parameters can be removed from trained models with little discernible loss in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Tim Whitaker , Darrell Whitley

Optimization, a key tool in machine learning and statistics, relies on regularization to reduce overfitting. Traditional regularization methods control a norm of the solution to ensure its smoothness. Recently, topological methods have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Arnur Nigmetov , Aditi S. Krishnapriyan , Nicole Sanderson , Dmitriy Morozov

Transformer-based models have achieved dominant performance in numerous NLP tasks. Despite their remarkable successes, pre-trained transformers such as BERT suffer from a computationally expensive self-attention mechanism that interacts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Jungmin Yun , Mihyeon Kim , Youngbin Kim

State Space Models (SSMs) have the advantage of keeping linear computational complexity compared to attention modules in transformers, and have been applied to vision tasks as a new type of powerful vision foundation model. Inspired by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Zheng Zhan , Zhenglun Kong , Yifan Gong , Yushu Wu , Zichong Meng , Hangyu Zheng , Xuan Shen , Stratis Ioannidis , Wei Niu , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang

Vision-Language Models suffer severe KV cache pressure at inference, as a single image often encodes into thousands of tokens. Most existing methods exploit token sparsity through token pruning, but permanently discarding visual content…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Beomseok Kang , Dongwon Jo , Jiwon Song , Donghwee Son , Jae-Joon Kim

Neural network pruning is an important step in design process of efficient neural networks for edge devices with limited computational power. Pruning is a form of knowledge transfer from the weights of the original network to a smaller…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Alexey Kruglov

Deep neural networks have been applied in many applications exhibiting extraordinary abilities in the field of computer vision. However, complex network architectures challenge efficient real-time deployment and require significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Tailin Liang , John Glossner , Lei Wang , Shaobo Shi , Xiaotong Zhang

Vision Transformers have demonstrated exceptional performance across various computer vision tasks, yet their quadratic computational complexity concerning token length remains a significant challenge. To address this, token reduction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Dong-Jae Lee , Jiwan Hur , Jaehyun Choi , Jaemyung Yu , Junmo Kim

Large multimodal models (LMMs) often suffer from severe inference inefficiency due to the large number of visual tokens introduced by image encoders. While recent token compression methods, such as pruning and merging, have shown promise in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Tianfan Peng , Yuntao Du , Pengzhou Ji , Shijie Dong , Kailin Jiang , Mingchuan Ma , Yijun Tian , Jinhe Bi , Qian Li , Wei Du , Feng Xiao , Lizhen Cui