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Vision-Language-Action models have emerged as essential generalist robot policies for diverse manipulation tasks, conventionally relying on directly translating multimodal inputs into actions via Vision-Language Model embeddings. Recent…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Linqing Zhong , Yi Liu , Yifei Wei , Ziyu Xiong , Maoqing Yao , Si Liu , Guanghui Ren

Long Chain-of-Thought (LCoT), achieved by Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR), has proven effective in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, reasoning in current LLMs is primarily…

We study a novel language model architecture that is capable of scaling test-time computation by implicitly reasoning in latent space. Our model works by iterating a recurrent block, thereby unrolling to arbitrary depth at test-time. This…

Current multimodal latent reasoning often relies on external supervision (e.g., auxiliary images), ignoring intrinsic visual attention dynamics. In this work, we identify a critical Perception Gap in distillation: student models frequently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Linquan Wu , Tianxiang Jiang , Yifei Dong , Haoyu Yang , Fengji Zhang , Shichaang Meng , Ai Xuan , Linqi Song , Jacky Keung

Large language models have demonstrated substantial advancements in reasoning capabilities. However, current Vision-Language Models (VLMs) often struggle to perform systematic and structured reasoning, especially when handling complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Guowei Xu , Peng Jin , Ziang Wu , Hao Li , Yibing Song , Lichao Sun , Li Yuan

Large language models have shown remarkable reasoning abilities and scaling laws suggest that large parameter count, especially along the depth axis, is the primary driver. In this work, we make a stronger claim -- many reasoning problems…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Nikunj Saunshi , Nishanth Dikkala , Zhiyuan Li , Sanjiv Kumar , Sashank J. Reddi

The integration of Large Language Model (LLMs) blocks with Vision Transformers (ViTs) holds immense promise for vision-only tasks by leveraging the rich semantic knowledge and reasoning capabilities of LLMs. However, a fundamental challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Selim Kuzucu , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Anna Kukleva , Federico Tombari , Bernt Schiele

Long-context reasoning has significantly empowered large language models (LLMs) to tackle complex tasks, yet it introduces severe efficiency bottlenecks due to the computational complexity. Existing efficient approaches often rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yibo Wang , Yongcheng Jing , Shunyu Liu , Hao Guan , Rong-cheng Tu , Chengyu Wang , Jun Huang , Dacheng Tao

Video reasoning constitutes a comprehensive assessment of a model's capabilities, as it demands robust perceptual and interpretive skills, thereby serving as a means to explore the boundaries of model performance. While recent research has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yudi Shi , Shangzhe Di , Qirui Chen , Qinian Wang , Jiayin Cai , Xiaolong Jiang , Yao Hu , Weidi Xie

Multimodal large language models via reinforcement learning (RL) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex visual reasoning tasks, yet they remain limited in long-horizon multimodal scenarios, often suffering from visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chenghao Li , Fusheng Hao , Xikai Zhang , Likang Xiao , Yanwei Ren , Fuxiang Wu , Quan Chen , Liu Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, yet their performance is highly dependent on the prompting strategy and model scale. While reinforcement learning and fine-tuning have been deployed to boost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Tushar Pandey , Ara Ghukasyan , Oktay Goktas , Santosh Kumar Radha

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting enables reasoning in language models but requires explicit verbalization of intermediate steps. Looped transformers offer an alternative by iteratively refining representations within hidden states. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Markus Frey , Behzad Shomali , Ali Hamza Bashir , David Berghaus , Joachim Koehler , Mehdi Ali

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and Looped Transformers have been shown to empirically improve performance on reasoning tasks and to theoretically enhance expressivity by recursively increasing the number of computational steps. However, their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Kevin Xu , Issei Sato

The Abstraction and Reasoning Corpus (ARC) is designed to promote research on abstract reasoning, a fundamental aspect of human intelligence. Common approaches to ARC treat it as a language-oriented problem, addressed by large language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Keya Hu , Ali Cy , Linlu Qiu , Xiaoman Delores Ding , Runqian Wang , Yeyin Eva Zhu , Jacob Andreas , Kaiming He

Large language models (LLMs) have been routinely used to solve various tasks using step-by-step reasoning. However, the structure of intermediate reasoning steps, or thoughts, is rigid and unidirectional, such as chains, trees, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Sijia Chen , Baochun Li

Recent advances on Vision Transformer (ViT) and its improved variants have shown that self-attention-based networks surpass traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in most vision tasks. However, existing ViTs focus on the standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-05-24 Xiaofeng Mao , Gege Qi , Yuefeng Chen , Xiaodan Li , Ranjie Duan , Shaokai Ye , Yuan He , Hui Xue

Recursive (looped) Transformers decouple computational depth from parameter depth by repeatedly applying shared layers, providing an explicit architectural primitive for iterative refinement and latent reasoning. However, early looped…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chengting Yu , Xiaobo Shu , Yadao Wang , Yizhen Zhang , Haoyi Wu , You Wu , Rujiao Long , Ziheng Chen , Yuchi Xu , Wenbo Su , Bo Zheng

Looped computation shows promise in improving the reasoning-oriented performance of LLMs by scaling test-time compute. However, existing approaches typically require either training recurrent models from scratch or applying disruptive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Taekhyun Park , Yongjae Lee , Dohee Kim , Hyerim Bae

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has achieved remarkable success in unlocking the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Although CoT prompting enhances reasoning, its verbosity imposes substantial computational overhead.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yifan Wang , Shiyu Li , Peiming Li , Xiaochen Yang , Yang Tang , Zheng Wei

Recent advancements in large audio language models have extended Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning into the auditory domain, enabling models to tackle increasingly complex acoustic and spoken tasks. To elicit and sustain these extended…