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Queueing systems present many opportunities for applying machine-learning predictions, such as estimated service times, to improve system performance. This integration raises numerous open questions about how predictions can be effectively…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Michael Mitzenmacher , Rana Shahout

Recently, there have been significant research interests in training large language models (LLMs) with reinforcement learning (RL) on real-world tasks, such as multi-turn code generation. While online RL tends to perform better than offline…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ziru Chen , Dongdong Chen , Ruinan Jin , Yingbin Liang , Yujia Xie , Huan Sun

In this study, we consider multi-class multi-server asymmetric queueing systems consisting of $N$ queues on one side and $K$ servers on the other side, where jobs randomly arrive in queues at each time. The service rate of each job-server…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-05-07 Jung-hun Kim , Min-hwan Oh

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly improves the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) on knowledge-intensive tasks. However, varying response quality across LLMs under RAG necessitates intelligent routing mechanisms,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Jiarui Zhang , Xiangyu Liu , Yong Hu , Chaoyue Niu , Fan Wu , Guihai Chen

Contextual multinomial logit (MNL) bandits capture many real-world assortment recommendation problems such as online retailing/advertising. However, prior work has only considered (generalized) linear value functions, which greatly limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Mengxiao Zhang , Haipeng Luo

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly popular, there is a growing need to predict which out of a set of LLMs will yield a successful answer to a given query at low cost. This problem promises to become even more relevant as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Baran Atalar , Eddie Zhang , Carlee Joe-Wong

Large language model (LLM)-based coding agents increasingly rely on external memory to reuse prior debugging experience, repair traces, and repository-local operational knowledge. However, retrieved memory is useful only when the current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mehmet Iscan

Linear contextual bandit is a popular online learning problem. It has been mostly studied in centralized learning settings. With the surging demand of large-scale decentralized model learning, e.g., federated learning, how to retain regret…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Chuanhao Li , Hongning Wang

Online recommendation services recommend multiple commodities to users. Nowadays, a considerable proportion of users visit e-commerce platforms by mobile devices. Due to the limited screen size of mobile devices, positions of items have a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-24 Xu He , Bo An , Yanghua Li , Haikai Chen , Qingyu Guo , Xin Li , Zhirong Wang

Motivated by applications in service systems, we consider queueing systems where each customer must be handled by a server with the right skill set. We focus on optimizing the routing of customers to servers in order to maximize the total…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Sanne van Kempen , Jaron Sanders , Fiona Sloothaak , Maarten G. Wolf

We introduce a Multi-User Contextual Cascading Bandit model, a new combinatorial bandit framework that captures realistic online advertising scenarios where multiple users interact with sequentially displayed items simultaneously. Unlike…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Jiho Park , Huiwen Jia

For traffic routing platforms, the choice of which route to recommend to a user depends on the congestion on these routes -- indeed, an individual's utility depends on the number of people using the recommended route at that instance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-24 Pranjal Awasthi , Kush Bhatia , Sreenivas Gollapudi , Kostas Kollias

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) is an effective paradigm for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models. However, existing RLVR methods utilize rollouts in an indiscriminate and short-horizon manner:…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Xiaodong Lu , Xiaohan Wang , Jiajun Chai , Guojun Yin , Wei Lin , Zhijun Chen , Yu Luo , Fuzhen Zhuang , Yikun Ban , Deqing Wang

Multinomial Logistic Bandits have recently attracted much attention due to their ability to model problems with multiple outcomes. In this setting, each decision is associated with many possible outcomes, modeled using a multinomial logit…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Sukruta Prakash Midigeshi , Tanmay Goyal , Gaurav Sinha

We consider the linear contextual multi-class multi-period packing problem (LMMP) where the goal is to pack items such that the total vector of consumption is below a given budget vector and the total value is as large as possible. We…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-02 Wonyoung Kim , Garud Iyengar , Assaf Zeevi

In this paper, we investigate the impact of context diversity on stochastic linear contextual bandits. As opposed to the previous view that contexts lead to more difficult bandit learning, we show that when the contexts are sufficiently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-06 Weiqiang Wu , Jing Yang , Cong Shen

Large language model (LLM) serving is becoming an increasingly critical workload for cloud providers. Existing LLM serving systems focus on interactive requests, such as chatbots and coding assistants, with tight latency SLO requirements.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Archit Patke , Dhemath Reddy , Saurabh Jha , Haoran Qiu , Christian Pinto , Chandra Narayanaswami , Zbigniew Kalbarczyk , Ravishankar Iyer

We study contextual bandits with budget and time constraints, referred to as constrained contextual bandits.The time and budget constraints significantly complicate the exploration and exploitation tradeoff because they introduce complex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Huasen Wu , R. Srikant , Xin Liu , Chong Jiang

The contextual duelling bandit problem models adaptive recommender systems, where the algorithm presents a set of items to the user, and the user's choice reveals their preference. This setup is well suited for implicit choices users make…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Suryanarayana Sankagiri , Jalal Etesami , Pouria Fatemi , Matthias Grossglauser

We consider contextual linear bandits over networks, a class of sequential decision-making problems where learning occurs simultaneously across multiple locations and the reward distributions share structural similarities while also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chuyun Deng , Huiwen Jia