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World models, generative AI systems that simulate how environments evolve, are transforming autonomous driving, yet all existing approaches adopt an ego-vehicle perspective, leaving the infrastructure viewpoint unexplored. We argue that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Siyuan Meng , Chengbo Ai

End-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) has rapidly emerged as a promising approach toward achieving full autonomy. However, existing E2E-AD systems typically adopt a traditional multi-task framework, addressing perception, prediction, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Tao Wang , Cong Zhang , Xingguang Qu , Kun Li , Weiwei Liu , Chang Huang

We introduce UniReal, a unified framework designed to address various image generation and editing tasks. Existing solutions often vary by tasks, yet share fundamental principles: preserving consistency between inputs and outputs while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-13 Xi Chen , Zhifei Zhang , He Zhang , Yuqian Zhou , Soo Ye Kim , Qing Liu , Yijun Li , Jianming Zhang , Nanxuan Zhao , Yilin Wang , Hui Ding , Zhe Lin , Hengshuang Zhao

Realistic and controllable simulation is critical for advancing end-to-end autonomous driving, yet existing approaches often struggle to support novel view synthesis under large viewpoint changes or to ensure geometric consistency. We…

The visual world offers a critical axis for advancing foundation models beyond language. Despite growing interest in this direction, the design space for native multimodal models remains opaque. We provide empirical clarity through…

Generative world models have become essential data engines for autonomous driving, yet most existing efforts focus on videos or occupancy grids, overlooking the unique LiDAR properties. Extending LiDAR generation to dynamic 4D world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Ao Liang , Youquan Liu , Yu Yang , Dongyue Lu , Linfeng Li , Lingdong Kong , Huaici Zhao , Wei Tsang Ooi

Unified multimodal models (UMMs) aim to jointly perform multimodal understanding and generation within a single framework. We present TUNA, a native UMM that builds a unified continuous visual representation by cascading a VAE encoder with…

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are poised to redefine transportation by enhancing road safety, minimizing human error, and optimizing traffic efficiency. The success of AVs depends on their ability to interpret complex, dynamic environments…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Abolfazl Zarghani , Amirhossein Ebrahimi , Amir Malekesfandiari

Advanced end-to-end autonomous driving systems predict other vehicles' motions and plan ego vehicle's trajectory. The world model that can foresee the outcome of the trajectory has been used to evaluate the autonomous driving system.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Jian Zhu , Zhengyu Jia , Tian Gao , Jiaxin Deng , Shidi Li , Lang Zhang , Fu Liu , Peng Jia , Xianpeng Lang

Self-driving vehicles (SDVs) require accurate calibration of LiDARs and cameras to fuse sensor data accurately for autonomy. Traditional calibration methods typically leverage fiducials captured in a controlled and structured scene and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Ze Yang , George Chen , Haowei Zhang , Kevin Ta , Ioan Andrei Bârsan , Daniel Murphy , Sivabalan Manivasagam , Raquel Urtasun

Generative models in Autonomous Driving (AD) enable diverse scene creation, yet existing methods fall short by only capturing a limited range of modalities, restricting the capability of generating controllable scenes for comprehensive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yanhao Wu , Haoyang Zhang , Tianwei Lin , Lichao Huang , Shujie Luo , Rui Wu , Congpei Qiu , Wei Ke , Tong Zhang

LiDAR scene flow is the task of estimating per-point 3D motion between consecutive point clouds. Recent methods achieve centimeter-level accuracy on popular autonomous vehicle (AV) datasets, but are typically only trained and evaluated on a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Siyi Li , Qingwen Zhang , Ishan Khatri , Kyle Vedder , Eric Eaton , Deva Ramanan , Neehar Peri

High infraction rates remain the primary bottleneck for end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving, as evidenced by the low driving scores on the CARLA Leaderboard. Despite collision-related infractions being the dominant failure mode in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alex Koran , Dimitrios Sinodinos , Hadi Hojjati , Takuya Nanri , Fangge Chen , Narges Armanfard

Generative models offer a scalable and flexible paradigm for simulating complex environments, yet current approaches fall short in addressing the domain-specific requirements of autonomous driving - such as multi-agent interactions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Lloyd Russell , Anthony Hu , Lorenzo Bertoni , George Fedoseev , Jamie Shotton , Elahe Arani , Gianluca Corrado

Motion simulation, prediction and planning are foundational tasks in autonomous driving, each essential for modeling and reasoning about dynamic traffic scenarios. While often addressed in isolation due to their differing objectives, such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nan Song , Junzhe Jiang , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

We introduce DreamerAD, the first latent world model framework that enables efficient reinforcement learning for autonomous driving by compressing diffusion sampling from 100 steps to 1 - achieving 80x speedup while maintaining visual…

Multi-modal data-sets are ubiquitous in modern applications, and multi-modal Variational Autoencoders are a popular family of models that aim to learn a joint representation of the different modalities. However, existing approaches suffer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Mustapha Bounoua , Giulio Franzese , Pietro Michiardi

In the context of autonomous driving, the significance of effective feature learning is widely acknowledged. While conventional 3D self-supervised pre-training methods have shown widespread success, most methods follow the ideas originally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Honghui Yang , Sha Zhang , Di Huang , Xiaoyang Wu , Haoyi Zhu , Tong He , Shixiang Tang , Hengshuang Zhao , Qibo Qiu , Binbin Lin , Xiaofei He , Wanli Ouyang

Despite impressive progress in video generation, existing models remain limited to surface-level plausibility, lacking a coherent and unified understanding of the world. Prior approaches typically incorporate only a single form of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Boming Tan , Xiangdong Zhang , Ning Liao , Yuqing Zhang , Shaofeng Zhang , Xue Yang , Qi Fan , Yanyong Zhang

Vision-Language Models(VLMs) excel at autoregressive text generation, yet end-to-end autonomous driving requires multi-task learning with structured outputs and heterogeneous decoding behaviors, such as autoregressive language generation,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yiwei Zhang , Xuesong Chen , Jin Gao , Hanshi Wang , Fudong Ge , Weiming Hu , Shaoshuai Shi , Zhipeng Zhang