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This paper studies the effects of directional antenna element complex gain patterns and nonidealities in direction of arrival (DoA) estimation. We compare sparse arrays and classical uniform linear arrays, harnessing EM simulation tools to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Niko Lindvall , Mikko Heino , Robin Rajamäki , Mikko Valkama , Visa Koivunen

In the real world, image degradations caused by rain often exhibit a combination of rain streaks and raindrops, thereby increasing the challenges of recovering the underlying clean image. Note that the rain streaks and raindrops have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Sixiang Chen , Tian Ye , Jinbin Bai , Erkang Chen , Jun Shi , Lei Zhu

Post-hoc explainable AI (XAI) methods typically produce deterministic attribution maps, whereas Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) induce a distribution over explanations. Capturing the variability of this distribution is important for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Yinsong Chen , Samson S. Yu , Zhong Li , Chee Peng Lim

Accurate weather prediction is essential for many aspects of life, notably the early warning of extreme weather events such as rainstorms. Short-term predictions of these events rely on forecasts from numerical weather models, in which,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-05 Guoxing Chen , Wei-Chyung Wang

Rainfall prediction remains a persistent challenge due to the highly nonlinear and complex nature of meteorological data. Existing approaches lack systematic utilization of grid search for optimal hyperparameter tuning, relying instead on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Zhenqi Li , Junhao Zhong , Hewei Wang , Jinfeng Xu , Yijie Li , Jinjiang You , Jiayi Zhang , Runzhi Wu , Soumyabrata Dev

Precipitation nowcasting is of great importance for weather forecast users, for activities ranging from outdoor activities and sports competitions to airport traffic management. In contrast to long-term precipitation forecasts which are…

Accurately predicting short-term precipitation is critical for weather-sensitive applications such as disaster management, aviation, and urban planning. Traditional numerical weather prediction can be computationally intensive at high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sumit Mamtani , Maitreya Sonawane

Rain streak removal is an important issue and has recently been investigated extensively. Existing methods, especially the newly emerged deep learning methods, could remove the rain streaks well in many cases. However the essential factor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Ye-Tao Wang , Xi-Le Zhao , Tai-Xiang Jiang , Liang-Jian Deng , Yi Chang , Ting-Zhu Huang

This letter introduces a deep learning (DL) framework for direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation. Previous works in DL context mostly consider a single or two target scenario which is a strong limitation in practice. Hence, in this work, we…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-28 Ahmet M. Elbir

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation refers to the process of retrieving the direction information of several electromagnetic waves/sources from the outputs of a number of receiving antennas that form a sensor array. DOA estimation is a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-10 Zai Yang , Jian Li , Petre Stoica , Lihua Xie

For the single image rain removal (SIRR) task, the performance of deep learning (DL)-based methods is mainly affected by the designed deraining models and training datasets. Most of current state-of-the-art focus on constructing powerful…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-07 Hong Wang , Zongsheng Yue , Qi Xie , Qian Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Deyu Meng

MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) and Estimation of signal parameters via rotational via rotational invariance (ESPRIT) has been widely used in super resolution direction of arrival estimation (DoA) in both Uniform Linear Arrays (ULA)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-04 Jianyuan Yu

Precipitation nowcasting is vital for flood warning, agricultural management, and emergency response, yet two bottlenecks persist: the prohibitive cost of modeling million-scale spatiotemporal tokens from multi-variate atmospheric fields,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xinyu Xiao , Sen Lei , Eryun Liu , Shiming Xiang , Hao Li , Cheng Yuan , Yuan Qi , Qizhao Jin

We consider the problem of estimating the direction-of-arrival (DoA) of a desired source located in a known region of interest in the presence of interfering sources and multipath. We propose an approach that precedes the DoA estimation and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Amitay Bar , Joseph S. Picard , Israel Cohen , Ronen Talmon

Rain streaks showing in images or videos would severely degrade the performance of computer vision applications. Thus, it is of vital importance to remove rain streaks and facilitate our vision systems. While recent convolutinal neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Zhipeng Su , Yixiong Zhang , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Feng Qi

This paper presents a general technique for the joint Direction-of-Arrival (DoA) and Time-of-Arrival (ToA) estimation in multipath environments. The proposed ultra-wideband technique is based on phase-mode expansions and the use of nearly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-28 Alejandro Ramírez-Arroyo , Antonio Alex-Amor , Pablo Padilla , Juan F. Valenzuela-Valdés

In this paper, we present a new model for Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation of sound sources based on an Icosahedral Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) applied over SRP-PHAT power maps computed from the signals received by a microphone…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-07 David Diaz-Guerra , Antonio Miguel , Jose R. Beltran

This study proposes two straightforward yet effective approaches to reduce the required computational time of the training process for time-series modeling through a recurrent neural network (RNN) using multi-time-scale time-series data as…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-11-11 Kei Ishida , Masato Kiyama , Ali Ercan , Motoki Amagasaki , Tongbi Tu

Data-driven models, such as FourCastNet (FCN), have shown exemplary performance in high-resolution global weather forecasting. This performance, however, is based on supervision on mesh-gridded weather data without the utilization of raw…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2022-10-25 Tao Ge , Jaideep Pathak , Akshay Subramaniam , Karthik Kashinath

Outdoor videos sometimes contain unexpected rain streaks due to the rainy weather, which bring negative effects on subsequent computer vision applications, e.g., video surveillance, object recognition and tracking, etc. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-02-20 Zhaoyang Sun , Shengwu Xiong , Ryan Wen Liu