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Accurate and robust weather forecasting remains a fundamental challenge due to the inherent spatio-temporal complexity of atmospheric systems. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning framework that leverages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yao Liu

Climate change stands as one of the most pressing global challenges of the twenty-first century, with far-reaching consequences such as rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and increasingly extreme weather patterns. Accurate forecasting is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Tajamul Ashraf , Janibul Bashir

Satellite Image Time Series (SITS) is crucial for agricultural semantic segmentation. However, Cloud contamination introduces time gaps in SITS, disrupting temporal dependencies and causing feature shifts, leading to degraded performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yuze Wang , Mariana Belgiu , Haiyang Wu , Dandan Zhong , Yangyang Cao , Chao Tao

Generative models have gained significant attention in multivariate time series forecasting (MTS), particularly due to their ability to generate high-fidelity samples. Forecasting the probability distribution of multivariate time series is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Shibo Feng , Peilin Zhao , Liu Liu , Pengcheng Wu , Zhiqi Shen

Leveraging spatio-temporal correlations among wind farms can significantly enhance the accuracy of ultra-short-term wind power forecasting. However, the complex and dynamic nature of these correlations presents significant modeling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiaochong Dong , Xuemin Zhang , Ming Yang , Shengwei Mei

Spatio-Temporal video grounding (STVG) focuses on retrieving the spatio-temporal tube of a specific object depicted by a free-form textual expression. Existing approaches mainly treat this complicated task as a parallel frame-grounding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Yang Jin , Yongzhi Li , Zehuan Yuan , Yadong Mu

The reconstruction of ocean subsurface temperature (OST) using satellite remote sensing data holds significant scientific value for advancing the understanding of ocean dynamics and climate variability. However, the scarcity of subsurface…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Ming Shan Loo , Wengen Li , Xudong Jiang , Hailiang Cheng , Zhifei Zhang , Jihong Guan , Yichao Zhang

Space-Time Projection (STP) is introduced as a data-driven forecasting approach for high-dimensional and time-resolved data. The method computes extended space-time proper orthogonal modes from training data spanning a prediction horizon…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Oliver T. Schmidt

The unprecedented availability of spatial and temporal high-resolution satellite image time series (SITS) for crop type mapping is believed to necessitate deep learning architectures to accommodate challenges arising from both dimensions.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Xin Cai , Yaxin Bi , Peter Nicholl

I propose a novel framework that integrates stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with deep generative models to improve uncertainty quantification in machine learning applications involving structured and temporal data. This approach,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-09 James Rice

One of the primary objectives of satellite remote sensing is to capture the complex dynamics of the Earth environment, which encompasses tasks such as reconstructing continuous cloud-free image sequences, detecting land cover changes, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Yuxiang Zhang , Shunlin Liang , Wenyuan Li , Han Ma , Jianglei Xu , Yichuan Ma , Jiangwei Xie , Wei Li , Mengmeng Zhang , Ran Tao , Xiang-Gen Xia

The rigid, uniform allocation of computation in standard Transformer (TF) architectures can limit their efficiency and scalability, particularly for large-scale models and long sequences. Addressing this, we introduce Subjective Depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Frederico Wieser , Martin Benfeghoul , Haitham Bou Ammar , Jun Wang , Zafeirios Fountas

We propose a spatio-temporal data-fusion framework for point data and gridded data with variables observed on different spatial supports. A latent Gaussian field with a Mat\'ern-SPDE prior provides a continuous space representation, while…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-19 Weiyue Zheng , Andrew Elliott , Claire Miller , Marian Scott

Multivariate spatio-temporal data arise more and more frequently in a wide range of applications; however, there are relatively few general statistical methods that can readily use that incorporate spatial, temporal and variable…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-15 Elynn Yi Chen , Qiwei Yao , Rong Chen

Modern IoT deployments for environmental sensing produce high volume spatiotemporal data to support downstream tasks such as forecasting, typically powered by machine learning models. While existing filtering and strategic deployment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Ragini Gupta , Naman Raina , Bo Chen , Li Chen , Claudiu Danilov , Josh Eckhardt , Keyshla Bernard , Klara Nahrstedt

Accurate mapping of column-averaged CO2 (XCO2) over agricultural landscapes is essential for guiding emission mitigation strategies. We present a Spatiotemporal Vision Transformer with Wavelets (ST-ViWT) framework that reconstructs…

Sea Surface Temperature (SST) prediction plays a vital role in climate modeling and disaster forecasting. However, it remains challenging due to its nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics and extended prediction horizons. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yin Wang , Chunlin Gong , Zhuozhen Xu , Lehan Zhang , Xiang Wu

Recent advances in deep learning have significantly elevated weather prediction models. However, these models often falter in real-world scenarios due to their sensitivity to spatial-temporal shifts. This issue is particularly acute in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Lu Han , Xu-Yang Chen , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Earth Observatory is a growing research area that can capitalize on the powers of AI for short time forecasting, a Now-casting scenario. In this work, we tackle the challenge of weather forecasting using a video transformer network. Vision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Alabi Bojesomo , Hasan Al Marzouqi , Panos Liatsis

We address the problem of predicting spatio-temporal processes with temporal patterns that vary across spatial regions, when data is obtained as a stream. That is, when the training dataset is augmented sequentially. Specifically, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-25 Muhammad Osama , Dave Zachariah , Thomas B. Schön