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The growing popularity of Large Language Models has sparked interest in context compression for Large Language Models (LLMs). However, the performance of previous methods degrades dramatically as compression ratios increase, sometimes even…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zhiwei Cao , Qian Cao , Yu Lu , Ningxin Peng , Luyang Huang , Shanbo Cheng , Jinsong Su

Language prediction is constrained by informational entropy intrinsic to language, such that there exists a limit to how accurate any language model can become and equivalently a lower bound to language compression. The most efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Benjamin L. Badger , Matthew Neligeorge

Modern data compression methods are slowly reaching their limits after 80 years of research, millions of papers, and wide range of applications. Yet, the extravagant 6G communication speed requirement raises a major open question for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ziguang Li , Chao Huang , Xuliang Wang , Haibo Hu , Cole Wyeth , Dongbo Bu , Quan Yu , Wen Gao , Xingwu Liu , Ming Li

LLM-based Software Engineering agents face a critical bottleneck: context length limitations cause failures on complex, long-horizon tasks. One promising solution is to encode context as continuous embeddings rather than discrete tokens,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Kirill Gelvan , Igor Slinko , Felix Steinbauer , Egor Bogomolov , Florian Kofler , Yaroslav Zharov

Despite the increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs), we still have a limited understanding of how their representational spaces are structured. This limits our ability to interpret how and what they learn or relate them to…

This study evaluates the effectiveness of zero-shot compression techniques on large language models (LLMs) under long-context. We identify the tendency for computational errors to increase under long-context when employing certain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Chenyu Wang , Yihan Wang , Kai Li

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly strong contenders in machine translation. In this work, we focus on document-level translation, where some words cannot be translated without context from outside the sentence. Specifically, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Wafaa Mohammed , Vlad Niculae

Over the last few years, machine learning unlocked previously infeasible features for compression, such as providing guarantees for users' privacy or tailoring compression to specific data statistics (e.g., satellite images or audio…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Gergely Flamich

Large language models (LLMs) based on Transformer have been widely applied in the filed of natural language processing (NLP), demonstrating strong performance, particularly in handling short text tasks. However, when it comes to long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Yijun Liu , Jinzheng Yu , Yang Xu , Zhongyang Li , Qingfu Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been successfully applied to regression tasks -- such as time series forecasting and tabular prediction -- by leveraging their in-context learning abilities. However, their autoregressive decoding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Julianna Piskorz , Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

Increasingly, model compression techniques enable large language models (LLMs) to be deployed in real-world applications. As a result of this momentum towards local deployment, compressed LLMs will interact with a large population. Prior…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Zhichao Xu , Ashim Gupta , Tao Li , Oliver Bentham , Vivek Srikumar

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promising performance across diverse domains. Many practical applications of LLMs, such as code completion and structured data extraction, require adherence to syntactic constraints specified by a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Niels Mündler , Jasper Dekoninck , Martin Vechev

In-context learning has established itself as an important learning paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs). In this paper, we demonstrate that LLMs can learn encoding keys in-context and perform analysis directly on encoded…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Andresa Rodrigues de Campos , David Lee , Imry Kissos , Piyush Paritosh

Repository-level code intelligence tasks require large language models (LLMs) to process long, multi-file contexts. Such inputs introduce three challenges: crucial context can be obscured by noise, truncated due to limited windows, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Jia Feng , Zhanyue Qin , Cuiyun Gao , Ruiqi Wang , Chaozheng Wang , Yingwei Ma , Xiaoyuan Xie

We propose the In-context Autoencoder (ICAE), leveraging the power of a large language model (LLM) to compress a long context into short compact memory slots that can be directly conditioned on by the LLM for various purposes. ICAE is first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Tao Ge , Jing Hu , Lei Wang , Xun Wang , Si-Qing Chen , Furu Wei

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed natural language processing tasks successfully. Yet, their large size and high computational needs pose challenges for practical use, especially in resource-limited settings. Model compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Xunyu Zhu , Jian Li , Yong Liu , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

This work investigates context compression for Large Language Models (LLMs) using learned compression tokens to reduce the memory and computational demands of processing long sequences. We demonstrate that pre-trained LLMs can be fine-tuned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Dmitrii Tarasov , Elizaveta Goncharova , Kuznetsov Andrey

In the framework of learned image compression, the context model plays a pivotal role in capturing the dependencies among latent representations. To reduce the decoding time resulting from the serial autoregressive context model, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Yang Sui , Ding Ding , Xiang Pan , Xiaozhong Xu , Shan Liu , Bo Yuan , Zhenzhong Chen

Qualitative data analysis provides insight into the underlying perceptions and experiences within unstructured data. However, the time-consuming nature of the coding process, especially for larger datasets, calls for innovative approaches,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Elisabeth Kirsten , Annalina Buckmann , Abraham Mhaidli , Steffen Becker

For a language model (LM) to faithfully model human language, it must compress vast, potentially infinite information into relatively few dimensions. We propose analyzing compression in (pre-trained) LMs from two points of view: geometric…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Emily Cheng , Corentin Kervadec , Marco Baroni