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Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have made significant progress in tasks such as image captioning and question answering. However, while these models can generate realistic captions, they often struggle with providing precise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Chun-Peng Chang , Alain Pagani , Didier Stricker

Understanding how humans conceptualize and categorize natural objects offers critical insights into perception and cognition. With the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs), a key question arises: can these models develop human-like object…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Changde Du , Kaicheng Fu , Bincheng Wen , Yi Sun , Jie Peng , Wei Wei , Ying Gao , Shengpei Wang , Chuncheng Zhang , Jinpeng Li , Shuang Qiu , Le Chang , Huiguang He

Recent studies have adapted generative Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) into embedding extractors for vision tasks, typically through fine-tuning to produce universal representations. However, their performance on video remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Issar Tzachor , Dvir Samuel , Rami Ben-Ari

Deep-learning and large scale language-image training have produced image object detectors that generalise well to diverse environments and semantic classes. However, single-image object detectors trained on internet data are not optimally…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Nicolas Harvey Chapman , Feras Dayoub , Will Browne , Chris Lehnert

Omnidirectional images (ODIs) provide full 360x180 view which are widely adopted in VR, AR and embodied intelligence applications. While multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on conventional 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Liu Yang , Huiyu Duan , Ran Tao , Juntao Cheng , Sijing Wu , Yunhao Li , Jing Liu , Xiongkuo Min , Guangtao Zhai

There is a gap in the understanding of occluded objects in existing large-scale visual language multi-modal models. Current state-of-the-art multi-modal models fail to provide satisfactory results in describing occluded objects through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Shuxin Yang , Xinhan Di

We propose ObjMST, an object-focused multimodal style transfer framework that provides separate style supervision for salient objects and surrounding elements while addressing alignment issues in multimodal representation learning. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Chanda Grover Kamra , Indra Deep Mastan , Debayan Gupta

Open World Object Detection(OWOD) addresses realistic scenarios where unseen object classes emerge, enabling detectors trained on known classes to detect unknown objects and incrementally incorporate the knowledge they provide. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Sunoh Lee , Minsik Jeon , Jihong Min , Junwon Seo

Language-based object detection is a promising direction towards building a natural interface to describe objects in images that goes far beyond plain category names. While recent methods show great progress in that direction, proper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Samuel Schulter , Vijay Kumar B G , Yumin Suh , Konstantinos M. Dafnis , Zhixing Zhang , Shiyu Zhao , Dimitris Metaxas

Multimodal embedding models aim to map heterogeneous inputs, such as text, images, videos, and audio, into a shared semantic space. However, existing methods and benchmarks remain largely limited to partial modality coverage, making it…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Haohang Huang , Xuan Lu , Mingyi Su , Xuan Zhang , Ziyan Jiang , Ping Nie , Kai Zou , Tomas Pfister , Wenhu Chen , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen , Rui Meng

Understanding how explicit theoretical features are encoded in opaque neural systems is a central challenge now common to neuroscience and AI. We introduce Metric Learning Encoding Models (MLEMs) to address this challenge most directly as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Louis Jalouzot , Christophe Pallier , Emmanuel Chemla , Yair Lakretz

Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLMs) leverages Large Language Models as a cognitive framework for diverse visual-language tasks. Recent efforts have been made to equip MLLMs with visual perceiving and grounding capabilities. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Junwen He , Yifan Wang , Lijun Wang , Huchuan Lu , Jun-Yan He , Jin-Peng Lan , Bin Luo , Xuansong Xie

Developing high-performing, yet interpretable models remains a critical challenge in modern AI. Concept-based models (CBMs) attempt to address this by extracting human-understandable concepts from a global encoding (e.g., image encoding)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 David Steinmann , Wolfgang Stammer , Antonia Wüst , Kristian Kersting

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) learn to align vision and language representations on large-scale datasets, where each image-text pair usually contains a bag of semantic concepts. However, existing open-vocabulary object detectors…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Size Wu , Wenwei Zhang , Sheng Jin , Wentao Liu , Chen Change Loy

Utilizing a shared embedding space, emerging multimodal models exhibit unprecedented zero-shot capabilities. However, the shared embedding space could lead to new vulnerabilities if different modalities can be misaligned. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Shaeke Salman , Md Montasir Bin Shams , Xiuwen Liu

Learning effective multi-modal 3D representations of objects is essential for numerous applications, such as augmented reality and robotics. Existing methods often rely on task-specific embeddings that are tailored either for semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Gaia Di Lorenzo , Federico Tombari , Marc Pollefeys , Daniel Barath

A metric-accurate semantic 3D representation is essential for many robotic tasks. This work proposes a simple, yet powerful, way to integrate the 2D embeddings of a Vision-Language Model in a metric-accurate 3D representation at real-time.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Christian Rauch , Björn Ellensohn , Linus Nwankwo , Vedant Dave , Elmar Rueckert

The advancement of object detection (OD) in open-vocabulary and open-world scenarios is a critical challenge in computer vision. This work introduces OmDet, a novel language-aware object detection architecture, and an innovative training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Tiancheng Zhao , Peng Liu , Kyusong Lee

Embodied Reference Understanding requires identifying a target object in a visual scene based on both language instructions and pointing cues. While prior works have shown progress in open-vocabulary object detection, they often fail in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Fevziye Irem Eyiokur , Dogucan Yaman , Hazım Kemal Ekenel , Alexander Waibel

In video analysis, understanding the temporal context is crucial for recognizing object interactions, event patterns, and contextual changes over time. The proposed model leverages adjacency and semantic similarities between objects from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Ahnaf Farhan , M. Shahriar Hossain