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Conventional Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) methods employ a fixed rank, imposing uniform adaptation across transformer layers and attention heads despite their heterogeneous learning dynamics. This paper introduces Adaptive Rank Dynamic LoRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Haseeb Ullah Khan Shinwari , Muhammad Usama

Federated Learning (FL) has recently been applied to the parameter-efficient fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs). While promising, it raises significant challenges due to the heterogeneous resources and data distributions of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Jiamu Bai , Daoyuan Chen , Bingchen Qian , Liuyi Yao , Yaliang Li

Due to the demand for efficient fine-tuning of large language models, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has been widely adopted as one of the most effective parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods. Nevertheless, while LoRA improves efficiency,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Naibin Gu , Zhenyu Zhang , Xiyu Liu , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Weiping Wang , Haifeng Wang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a promising paradigm for Continual Learning. It independently updates its low-rank factors ($A$ and $B$), creating a composite update to the full weight matrix through their interaction. To prevent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Cheng Chen , Pengpeng Zeng , Yuyu Guo , Lianli Gao , Hengtao Shen , Jingkuan Song

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method validated across NLP and CV domains. However, LoRA faces an inherent low-rank bottleneck: narrowing its performance gap with full finetuning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Haonan Dong , Wenhao Zhu , Guojie Song , Liang Wang

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a powerful tool for parameter-efficient fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs). This paper studies LoRA under a federated learning setting, enabling collaborative fine-tuning across clients…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-21 Shuaida He , Liwen Chen , Long Feng

Federated Learning (FL) has gained popularity for fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) across multiple nodes, each with its own private data. While LoRA has been widely adopted for parameter efficient federated fine-tuning, recent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Navyansh Mahla , Sunny Gupta , Amit Sethi

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm that needs collaboration between a server and a series of clients with decentralized data. To make FL effective in real-world applications, existing work devotes to…

In this paper, we introduce a method for fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs), inspired by Multi-Task learning in a federated manner. Our approach leverages the structure of each client's model and enables a learning scheme that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ahmed Elbakary , Chaouki Ben Issaid , Tamer ElBatt , Karim Seddik , Mehdi Bennis

Fine-tuning helps large language models (LLM) recover degraded information and enhance task performance. Although Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely used and effective for fine-tuning, we have observed that its scaling factor can limit or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Jun Liu , Zhenglun Kong , Peiyan Dong , Changdi Yang , Xuan Shen , Pu Zhao , Hao Tang , Geng Yuan , Wei Niu , Wenbin Zhang , Xue Lin , Dong Huang , Yanzhi Wang

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a parameter-efficient technique for rapidly fine-tuning foundation models. In standard LoRA training dynamics, models tend to quickly converge to a local optimum near the initialization. However, this local…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhan Zhuang , Xiequn Wang , Yulong Zhang , Wei Li , Yu Zhang , Ying Wei

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a widely used parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method that learns weight updates $\Delta W = AB$ for pretrained weights $W$ through low-rank adapters $A$ and $B$. While LoRA ensures hardware efficiency,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yibo Zhong , Jinman Zhao , Yao Zhou

Large pre-trained models are commonly adapted to downstream tasks using parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), which injects small trainable low-rank matrices instead of updating all weights. While LoRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nurbek Tastan , Stefanos Laskaridis , Martin Takac , Karthik Nandakumar , Samuel Horvath

With the increasing availability of Foundation Models, federated tuning has garnered attention in the field of federated learning, utilizing data and computation resources from multiple clients to collaboratively fine-tune foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shangchao Su , Bin Li , Xiangyang Xue

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is a widely adopted parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) method for Large Language Models (LLMs), but it still incurs notable overhead and suffers from parameter interference in complex datasets. While recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Chunlin Tian , Xuyang Wei , Huanrong Liu , Zhijiang Guo , Li Li

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) is widely adopted for downstream fine-tuning of foundation models due to its efficiency and zero additional inference cost. Many real-world applications require foundation models to specialize in several specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jian Liang , Wenke Huang , Xianda Guo , Guancheng Wan , Bo Du , Mang Ye

Recent literature on fine-tuning Large Language Models highlights a fundamental debate. While Full Fine-Tuning (FFT) provides the representational plasticity required for high-entropy knowledge injection, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haozhan Tang , Xiuqi Zhu , Xinyin Zhang , Boxun Li , Virginia Smith , Kevin Kuo

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative machine learning across distributed data owners, but data heterogeneity poses a challenge for model calibration. While prior work focused on improving accuracy for non-iid data, calibration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Hongyi Peng , Han Yu , Xiaoli Tang , Xiaoxiao Li

As large language models (LLMs) continue to scale in size, the computational overhead has become a major bottleneck for task-specific fine-tuning. While low-rank adaptation (LoRA) effectively curtails this cost by confining the weight…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yilang Zhang , Xiaodong Yang , Yiwei Cai , Georgios B. Giannakis
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