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The lacking of analytic solutions of diverse partial differential equations (PDEs) gives birth to a series of computational techniques for numerical solutions. Although numerous latest advances are accomplished in developing neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Wei Xiong , Xiaomeng Huang , Ziyang Zhang , Ruixuan Deng , Pei Sun , Yang Tian

Accurate modeling of spatiotemporal dynamics is crucial to understanding complex phenomena across science and engineering. However, this task faces a fundamental challenge when the governing equations are unknown and observational data are…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-15 Rui Zhang , Han Wan , Yang Liu , Hao Sun

Elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) are a major class of time-independent PDEs that play a key role in many scientific and engineering domains such as fluid dynamics, plasma physics, and solid mechanics. Recently, neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Haixin Wang , Jiaxin Li , Anubhav Dwivedi , Kentaro Hara , Tailin Wu

Neural operators have emerged as powerful tools for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs). However, standard spectral methods based on Fourier transforms struggle with problems involving discontinuous…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-05-20 Giorgio M. Cavallazzi , Miguel Pérez Cuadrado , Alfredo Pinelli

Recent advances in scientific machine learning (SciML) have enabled neural operators (NOs) to serve as powerful surrogates for modeling the dynamic evolution of physical systems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs). While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Siying Ma , Mehrdad M. Zadeh , Mauricio Soroco , Wuyang Chen , Jiguo Cao , Vijay Ganesh

Fourier neural operators (FNOs) are a recently introduced neural network architecture for learning solution operators of partial differential equations (PDEs), which have been shown to perform significantly better than comparable deep…

The physics-informed neural operator (PINO) is a machine learning paradigm that has demonstrated promising results for learning solutions to partial differential equations (PDEs). It leverages the Fourier Neural Operator to learn solution…

Koopman operator theory is a popular candidate for data-driven modeling because it provides a global linearization representation for nonlinear dynamical systems. However, existing Koopman operator-based methods suffer from shortcomings in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yuhong Jin , Andong Cong , Lei Hou , Qiang Gao , Xiangdong Ge , Chonglong Zhu , Yongzhi Feng , Jun Li

We present approximation theories and efficient training methods for derivative-informed Fourier neural operators (DIFNOs) with applications to PDE-constrained optimization. A DIFNO is an FNO trained by minimizing its prediction error…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Boyuan Yao , Dingcheng Luo , Lianghao Cao , Nikola Kovachki , Thomas O'Leary-Roseberry , Omar Ghattas

Neural operators (NO) are discretization invariant deep learning methods with functional output and can approximate any continuous operator. NO have demonstrated the superiority of solving partial differential equations (PDEs) over other…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-02 Jianguo Huang , Yue Qiu

Enhancing neural networks with knowledge of physical equations has become an efficient way of solving various physics problems, from fluid flow to electromagnetism. Graph neural networks show promise in accurately representing irregularly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Mike Y. Michelis , Robert K. Katzschmann

Neural operators aim to approximate the solution operator of a system of differential equations purely from data. They have shown immense success in modeling complex dynamical systems across various domains. However, the occurrence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Christopher Bülte , Philipp Scholl , Gitta Kutyniok

Coupled partial differential equations (PDEs) are key tasks in modeling the complex dynamics of many physical processes. Recently, neural operators have shown the ability to solve PDEs by learning the integral kernel directly in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Xiongye Xiao , Defu Cao , Ruochen Yang , Gaurav Gupta , Gengshuo Liu , Chenzhong Yin , Radu Balan , Paul Bogdan

This paper presents a method for modeling transient fluid flow in subsurface reservoir systems based on the developed neural operator architecture (TFNO-opt). Reservoir systems are complex dynamic objects with distributed parameters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Daniil D. Sirota , Sergey A. Khan , Sergey L. Kostikov , Kirill A. Butov

We introduce a novel spectral, finite-dimensional approximation of general Sobolev spaces in terms of Chebyshev polynomials. Based on this polynomial surrogate model (PSM), we realise a variational formulation, solving a vast class of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-13 Juan-Esteban Suarez Cardona , Phil-Alexander Hofmann , Michael Hecht

Neural Operators (NOs) are machine learning models designed to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) by learning to map between function spaces. Neural Operators such as the Deep Operator Network (DeepONet) and the Fourier Neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 W. Diab , M. Al-Kobaisi

Neural operators have emerged as promising surrogate models for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), but struggle to generalise beyond training distributions and are often constrained to a fixed temporal discretisation. This work…

PDEs arise ubiquitously in science and engineering, where solutions depend on parameters (physical properties, boundary conditions, geometry). Traditional numerical methods require re-solving the PDE for each parameter, making parameter…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-02 Zhuo Zhang , Xiong Xiong , Sen Zhang , Yuan Zhao , Xi Yang

The Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) framework introduced recently incorporates physics into deep learning, and offers a promising avenue for the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) as well as identification of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-04 Ehsan Haghighat , Ali Can Bekar , Erdogan Madenci , Ruben Juanes

We present a novel framework combining Deep Operator Networks (DeepONets) with Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to solve partial differential equations (PDEs) and estimate their unknown parameters. By integrating data-driven…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Amogh Raj , Carol Eunice Gudumotou , Sakol Bun , Keerthana Srinivasa , Arash Sarshar