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Quantum kernel methods promise enhanced expressivity for learning structured data, but their usefulness has been limited by kernel concentration and barren plateaus. Both effects are mathematically equivalent and suppress trainability. We…

The vast and complicated large-qubit state space forbids us to comprehensively capture the dynamics of modern quantum computers via classical simulations or quantum tomography. Recent progress in quantum learning theory prompts a crucial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Dacheng Tao

Recently, deep neural networks have proven capable of predicting some output properties of relevant random quantum circuits, indicating a strategy to emulate quantum computers alternative to direct simulation methods such as, e.g.,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-07-24 Simone Cantori , Sebastiano Pilati

Quantum computing offers the potential for computational abilities that can go beyond classical machines. However, they are still limited by several challenges such as noise, decoherence, and gate errors. As a result, efficient classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-01 Aditya Dubey , Zeki Zeybek , Peter Schmelcher

We review the recent quantum advantage experiments by IBM, D-Wave, and Google, focusing on cases where efficient classical simulations of the experiment were demonstrated or attempted using tensor network methods. We assess the strengths…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-27 Augustine Kshetrimayum , Saeed S. Jahromi , Sukhbinder Singh , Román Orús

The construction of robust and scalable quantum gates is a uniquely hard problem in the field of quantum computing. Real-world quantum computers suffer from many forms of noise, characterized by the decoherence and relaxation times of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Diego Fuentealba , Jack Dahn , James Steck , Elizabeth Behrman

Deep learning has been shown to be able to recognize data patterns better than humans in specific circumstances or contexts. In parallel, quantum computing has demonstrated to be able to output complex wave functions with a few number of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Junhua Liu , Kwan Hui Lim , Kristin L. Wood , Wei Huang , Chu Guo , He-Liang Huang

Quantum circuit simulators running on classical computers offer a vital platform for designing, testing, and optimizing quantum algorithms, driving innovation despite limited access to real quantum hardware. However, their scalability is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-29 Gleb Kalachev , Pavel Mosharev , Zuoheng Zou , Pavel Panteleev , Man-Hong Yung

Characterization of noise in current near-term quantum devices is of paramount importance to fully use their computational power. However, direct quantum process tomography becomes unfeasible for systems composed of tens of qubits. A…

Quantum machine learning (QML) requires powerful, flexible and efficiently trainable models to be successful in solving challenging problems. We introduce density quantum neural networks, a model family that prepares mixtures of trainable…

Quantum machine learning (QML) models, like their classical counterparts, are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, hindering their secure deployment. Here, we report the first systematic experimental robustness benchmark for 20-qubit quantum…

Quantum kernel methods (QKMs) have emerged as a prominent framework for supervised quantum machine learning. Unlike variational quantum algorithms, which rely on gradient-based optimisation and may suffer from issues such as barren…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-10 John Tanner , Chon-Fai Kam , Jingbo Wang

In the context of kernel machines, polynomial and Fourier features are commonly used to provide a nonlinear extension to linear models by mapping the data to a higher-dimensional space. Unless one considers the dual formulation of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Frederiek Wesel , Kim Batselier

The resurgence of self-supervised learning, whereby a deep learning model generates its own supervisory signal from the data, promises a scalable way to tackle the dramatically increasing size of real-world data sets without human…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-05 Ben Jaderberg , Lewis W. Anderson , Weidi Xie , Samuel Albanie , Martin Kiffner , Dieter Jaksch

Noise and decoherence are two major obstacles to the implementation of large-scale quantum computing. Because of the no-cloning theorem, which says we cannot make an exact copy of an arbitrary quantum state, simple redundancy will not work…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-09 Nam H. Nguyen , Elizabeth C. Behrman , James E. Steck

Quantum machine learning is one of the fields where quantum computers are expected to bring advantages over classical methods. However, the limited size of current computers restricts the exploitation of the full potential of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-10 Juan C. Boschero , Ward van der Schoot , Niels M. P. Neumann

Simulation is essential for developing quantum hardware and algorithms. However, simulating quantum circuits on classical hardware is challenging due to the exponential scaling of quantum state space. While factorized tensors can greatly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Taylor L. Patti , Jean Kossaifi , Susanne F. Yelin , Anima Anandkumar

Circuit design for quantum machine learning remains a formidable challenge. Inspired by the applications of tensor networks across different fields and their novel presence in the classical machine learning context, one proposed method to…

This paper explores the potential benefits of quantum coherence and quantum discord in the non-universal quantum computing model called deterministic quantum computing with one qubit (DQC1) in supervised machine learning. We show that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-20 Mahsa Karimi , Ali Javadi-Abhari , Christoph Simon , Roohollah Ghobadi

Variational Quantum Circuits (VQC) lie at the forefront of quantum machine learning research. Still, the use of quantum networks for real data processing remains challenging as the number of available qubits cannot accommodate a large…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-06 G. Maragkopoulos , A. Mandilara , A. Tsili , D. Syvridis