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Modern Vision-Language Models (VLMs) can solve a wide range of tasks requiring visual reasoning. In real-world scenarios, desirable properties for VLMs include fast inference and controllable generation (e.g., constraining outputs to adhere…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Shufan Li , Konstantinos Kallidromitis , Hritik Bansal , Akash Gokul , Yusuke Kato , Kazuki Kozuka , Jason Kuen , Zhe Lin , Kai-Wei Chang , Aditya Grover

The field of advanced text-to-image generation is witnessing the emergence of unified frameworks that integrate powerful text encoders, such as CLIP and T5, with Diffusion Transformer backbones. Although there have been efforts to control…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Liang Chen , Shuai Bai , Wenhao Chai , Weichu Xie , Haozhe Zhao , Leon Vinci , Junyang Lin , Baobao Chang

Diffusion language models offer a compelling alternative to autoregressive code generation, enabling global planning and iterative refinement of complex program logic. However, existing approaches fail to respect the rigid structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Anton Xue , Litu Rout , Constantine Caramanis , Sanjay Shakkottai

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have shown strong potential for general natural language tasks with in-context examples. However, due to the bidirectional attention mechanism, DLMs incur substantial computational cost as context length…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Yang Li , Han Meng , Chenan Wang , Haipeng Chen

Large Language Diffusion Models (LLDMs) benefit from a flexible decoding mechanism that enables parallelized inference and controllable generations over autoregressive models. Yet such flexibility introduces a critical challenge: inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yichuan Mo , Quan Chen , Mingjie Li , Zeming Wei , Yisen Wang

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled image-based question-answering capabilities. However, a key limitation is the use of CLIP as the visual encoder; while it can capture coarse global information, it…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Vatsal Agarwal , Matthew Gwilliam , Gefen Kohavi , Eshan Verma , Daniel Ulbricht , Abhinav Shrivastava

Mask-based Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) struggle to revise incorrect tokens: once a token is generated, it typically remains fixed. The key challenge is to identify potential errors in the inputs. In this paper, we propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Zemin Huang , Yuhang Wang , Zhiyang Chen , Guo-Jun Qi

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) have shown strong potential for text generation and are becoming a competitive alternative to autoregressive models. The denoising strategy plays an important role in determining the quality of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Haojin Yang , Rui Hu , Zequn Sun , Rui Zhou , Yujun Cai , Yiwei Wang

We propose a diffusion-based framework for prompt optimization that leverages Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) to iteratively refine system prompts through masked denoising. By conditioning on interaction traces, including user queries,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Shiyu Wang , Haolin Chen , Liangwei Yang , Jielin Qiu , Rithesh Murthy , Ming Zhu , Zixiang Chen , Silvio Savarese , Caiming Xiong , Shelby Heinecke , Huan Wang

Masked diffusion language models enable parallel token generation and offer improved decoding efficiency over autoregressive models. However, their performance degrades significantly when generating multiple tokens simultaneously, due to a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Houxing Ren , Mingjie Zhan , Zimu Lu , Ke Wang , Yunqiao Yang , Haotian Hou , Junting Pan , Hongsheng Li

While diffusion models excel at generating high-quality images, prior work reports a significant performance gap between diffusion and autoregressive (AR) methods in language modeling. In this work, we show that simple masked discrete…

With the emergence of diffusion models as a frontline generative model, many researchers have proposed molecule generation techniques with conditional diffusion models. However, the unavoidable discreteness of a molecule makes it difficult…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Jinho Chang , Jong Chul Ye

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have shown advantages in text generation, particularly due to their inherent ability for parallel decoding. However, constrained by the quality--speed trade-off, existing inference solutions adopt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Lizhuo Luo , Zhuoran Shi , Jiajun Luo , Zhi Wang , Shen Ren , Wenya Wang , Tianwei Zhang

Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive (AR) language models, offering properties such as parallel decoding, flexible generation orders, and the potential for fewer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Jingyi Yang , Guanxu Chen , Xuhao Hu , Jing Shao

Diffusion language models (DLMs) generate text through iterative denoising, but inference requires full-sequence attention at every iteration, resulting in substantial redundant computation on masked tokens. Block-wise diffusion can reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Fengrui Zuo , Zhiwei Ke , Yiming Liu , Wenqi Lou , Chao Wang , Xuehai Zhou

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) have emerged as a new architecture following auto regressive models. Their denoising process offers a powerful generative advantage, but they present significant challenges in learning and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Ranfei Chen , Ming Chen

Beyond parallel generation and global context modeling, current masked diffusion large language models (masked dLLMs, i.e., LLaDA) suffer from a fundamental limitation: they require a predefined, fixed generation length, which lacks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Jingyi Yang , Yuxian Jiang , Jing Shao

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have recently demonstrated capabilities that complement standard autoregressive (AR) models, particularly in non-sequential generation and bidirectional editing. Although recent work has shown that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fred Zhangzhi Peng , Alexis Fox , Anru R. Zhang , Alexander Tong

Masked diffusion models (MDMs) are a potential alternative to autoregressive models (ARMs) for language generation, but generation quality depends critically on the generation order. Prior work either hard-codes an ordering (e.g., blockwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Chunsan Hong , Sanghyun Lee , Jong Chul Ye

Current Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) typically encode frames via a vision encoder and employ an autoregressive (AR) LLM for understanding and generation. However, this AR paradigm inevitably faces a dual efficiency bottleneck:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhihao He , Tieyuan Chen , Kangyu Wang , Ziran Qin , Yang Shao , Chaofan Gan , Shijie Li , Zuxuan Wu , Weiyao Lin