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A giant planet embedded in a protoplanetary disk creates a gap. This process is important for both theory and observations. Using results of a survey for a wide parameter range with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations, we constructed…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-20 K. D. Kanagawa , H. Tanaka , T. Muto , T. Tanigawa

Growing evidence is found in observations and numerical modelling of the importance of steep seafloor topography for turbulent diapycnal mixing leading to redistribution of suspended matter and nutrients, especially in waters with abundant…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-08-16 Hans van Haren

Recent discoveries of several transiting planets with clearly non-zero eccentricities and some large inclinations started changing the simple picture of close-in planets having circular and well-aligned orbits. Two major scenarios to form…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Soko Matsumura , Stanton J. Peale , Frederic A. Rasio

The zonal winds on the surfaces of giant planets vary with latitude. Jupiter and Saturn, for example, have several bands of alternating eastward (prograde) and westward (retrograde) jets relative to the angular velocity of their global…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Gary A. Glatzmaier , Martha Evonuk , Tamara M. Rogers

Planets are born in protostellar disks, which are now observed with enough resolution to address questions about internal gas flows. Candidates for driving the flows include magnetic forces, but ionization state estimates suggest much of…

Rocky exoplanets accessible to characterisation often lie on close-in orbits where tidal heating within their interiors is significant, with the L 98-59 planetary system being a prime example. As a long-term energy source for ongoing mantle…

The form of the solar meridional circulation is a very important ingredient for mean field flux transport dynamo models. Yet a shroud of mystery still surrounds this large-scale flow, given that its measurement using current helioseismic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-02-17 Dario Passos , Paul Charbonneau , Mark Miesch

In order to characterize the global circulation of the subsurface ocean of Jovian and Saturnian moons, we analyze the properties of 21 three-dimensional simulations of Boussinesq thermal convection in a rapidly rotating spherical shell.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-03-12 S. Cabanes , T. Gastine , A. Fournier

Aims. On Earth, plate tectonics play an integral role in driving the long-term carbon cycle; however, on tidally locked rocky exoplanets alternative tectonic mechanisms driven by tidal stress and tidal heating could serve in an analogous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-06-08 Sarah R. N McIntyre

In the present study a mathematical model of long-crested water waves propagating mainly in one direction with the effect of Earth's rotation is derived by following the formal asymptotic procedures. Such a model equation is analogous to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-05-01 Guilong Gui , Yue Liu , Junwei Sun

Tidal torques play a key role in rotational dynamics of celestial bodies. They govern these bodies' tidal despinning, and also participate in the subtle process of entrapment of these bodies into spin-orbit resonances. This makes tidal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Michael Efroimsky , Valeri V. Makarov

We study tidal dissipation in models of rotating giant planets with masses in the range $0.1 - 10 M_\mathrm{J}$ throughout their evolution. Our models incorporate a frequency-dependent turbulent effective viscosity acting on equilibrium…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-28 Yaroslav A. Lazovik , Adrian J. Barker , Nils B. de Vries , Aurélie Astoul

High-resolution imaging of protoplanetary disks has unveiled a rich diversity of spiral structure, some of which may arise from disk-planet interaction. Using 3D hydrodynamics with $\beta$-cooling to a vertically-stratified background, as…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-09-08 Dhruv Muley , Ruobing Dong , Jeffrey Fung

Coriolis-centrifugal convection (C$^3$) in a cylindrical domain constitutes an idealised model of tornadic storms, where the rotating cylinder represents the mesocyclone of a supercell thunderstorm. We present a suite of C$^3$ direct…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-19 Susanne Horn , Jonathan M. Aurnou

The goal of this paper is to describe in mathematical terms the effect on the ocean circulation of a random stationary wind stress at the surface of the ocean. In order to avoid singular behaviour, non-resonance hypotheses are introduced,…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-07-03 Anne-Laure Dalibard

Analysis of the global centroid-moment tensor catalog reveals significant regional variations of seismic energy release to 290 km depth. These variations reflect radial and lateral contrasts in thermomechanical competence, consistent with a…

Geophysics · Physics 2012-08-28 Regan L. Patton

We carry out direct numerical simulations of turbulent astrophysical media that explicitly track ionizations, recombinations, and species-by-species radiative cooling. The simulations assume solar composition and follows the evolution of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 William J Gray , Evan Scannapieco , Daniel Kasen

The solar tide in an ancient Venusian ocean is simulated using a dedicated numerical tidal model. Simulations with varying ocean depth and rotational periods ranging from -243 to 64 sidereal Earth days are used to calculate the tidal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-07 J. A. M. Green , M. J. Way , R. Barnes

Tidal locking of planets to their host stars results in an atmospheric circulation with a hotspot fixed to the frame of reference of the planet. On the other hand, asynchronously rotating planets feature moving hotspots either lagging or…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-26 Deepayan Banik

The dynamics of the wind-wind collision in massive stellar binaries is investigated using three-dimensional hydrodynamical models which incorporate gravity, the driving of the winds, the orbital motion of the stars, and radiative cooling of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 J. M. Pittard