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Despite the impressive performance recently achieved by automatic speech recognition (ASR), we observe two primary challenges that hinder its broader applications: (1) The difficulty of introducing scalability into the model to support more…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhang , Kaizhi Qian , Yonggan Fu , Yingyan Lin

Cross-lingual speech adaptation aims to solve the problem of leveraging multiple rich-resource languages to build models for a low-resource target language. Since the low-resource language has limited training data, speech recognition…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Wenxin Hou , Han Zhu , Yidong Wang , Jindong Wang , Tao Qin , Renjun Xu , Takahiro Shinozaki

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) for low-resource languages remains a challenge due to the scarcity of labeled training data. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning and text-only adaptation are two popular methods that have been used to address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Abhishek Gupta , Amruta Parulekar , Sameep Chattopadhyay , Preethi Jyothi

Existing large language models (LLMs) that mainly focus on Standard American English (SAE) often lead to significantly worse performance when being applied to other English dialects. While existing mitigations tackle discrepancies for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Yanchen Liu , William Held , Diyi Yang

Low resource automatic speech recognition (ASR) is a useful but thorny task, since deep learning ASR models usually need huge amounts of training data. The existing models mostly established a bottleneck (BN) layer by pre-training on a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Jian Luo , Jianzong Wang , Ning Cheng , Zhenpeng Zheng , Jing Xiao

Training and fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) come with challenges related to memory and computational requirements due to the increasing size of the model weights and the optimizer states. Various techniques have been developed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Yehonathan Refael , Jonathan Svirsky , Boris Shustin , Wasim Huleihel , Ofir Lindenbaum

In previous works, only parameter weights of ASR models are optimized under fixed-topology architecture. However, the design of successful model architecture has always relied on human experience and intuition. Besides, many hyperparameters…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-28 Yi-Chen Chen , Jui-Yang Hsu , Cheng-Kuang Lee , Hung-yi Lee

Despite the efficacy of network sparsity in alleviating the deployment strain of Large Language Models (LLMs), it endures significant performance degradation. Applying Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to fine-tune the sparse LLMs offers an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Weizhong Huang , Yuxin Zhang , Xiawu Zheng , Yang Liu , Jing Lin , Yiwu Yao , Rongrong Ji

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) has been developed as an efficient approach for adapting large language models (LLMs) by fine-tuning two low-rank matrices, thereby reducing the number of trainable parameters. However, prior research indicates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Lin Mu , Xiaoyu Wang , Li Ni , Yang Li , Zhize Wu , Peiquan Jin , Yiwen Zhang

The end-to-end ASR model is often desired in the streaming multilingual scenario since it is easier to deploy and can benefit from pre-trained speech models such as powerful foundation models. Meanwhile, the heterogeneous nature and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Junwen Bai , Bo Li , Qiujia Li , Tara N. Sainath , Trevor Strohman

Although multilingual automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have significantly advanced, enabling a single model to handle multiple languages, inherent linguistic differences and data imbalances challenge SOTA performance across all…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Hongfei Xue , Yufeng Tang , Jun Zhang , Xuelong Geng , Lei Xie

Adapting large pre-trained language models to downstream tasks often entails fine-tuning millions of parameters or deploying costly dense weight updates, which hinders their use in resource-constrained environments. Low-rank Adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Longteng Zhang , Sen Wu , Shuai Hou , Zhengyu Qing , Zhuo Zheng , Danning Ke , Qihong Lin , Qiang Wang , Shaohuai Shi , Xiaowen Chu

Building an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system from scratch requires a large amount of annotated speech data, which is difficult to collect in many languages. However, there are cases where the low-resource language shares a common…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Anoop C S , Prathosh A P , A G Ramakrishnan

Adapting pre-trained text Large Language Models (LLMs) into Speech Language Models (Speech LMs) via continual pretraining on speech data is promising, but often degrades the original text capabilities. We propose Multimodal Depth Upscaling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Kazuki Yano , Jun Suzuki , Shinji Watanabe

We introduce DAS (Domain Adaptation with Synthetic data), a novel domain adaptation framework for pre-trained ASR model, designed to efficiently adapt to various language-defined domains without requiring any real data. In particular, DAS…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-23 Minh Tran , Yutong Pang , Debjyoti Paul , Laxmi Pandey , Kevin Jiang , Jinxi Guo , Ke Li , Shun Zhang , Xuedong Zhang , Xin Lei

In the field of large language model (LLM) compression, singular value decomposition (SVD) is a widely studied and adopted low-rank decomposition technique. Since SVD operates exclusively on linear modules, and these modules in LLMs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Lin Xv , Jingsheng Gao , Xian Gao , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Conventional low-rank adaptation methods build adapters without considering data context, leading to sub-optimal fine-tuning performance and severe forgetting of inherent world knowledge. In this paper, we propose context-oriented…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yibo Yang , Sihao Liu , Chuan Rao , Bang An , Tiancheng Shen , Philip H. S. Torr , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Bernard Ghanem

Low-rank adaptation (LoRA) is a predominant parameter-efficient finetuning method for adapting large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks. Meanwhile, Compute-in-Memory (CIM) architectures demonstrate superior energy efficiency due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Taiqiang Wu , Chenchen Ding , Wenyong Zhou , Yuxin Cheng , Xincheng Feng , Shuqi Wang , Wendong Xu , Chufan Shi , Zhengwu Liu , Ngai Wong

Automatic speech recognition systems have undoubtedly advanced with the integration of multilingual and multitask models such as Whisper, which have shown a promising ability to understand and process speech across a wide range of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Xabier de Zuazo , Eva Navas , Ibon Saratxaga , Inma Hernáez Rioja

While integrating speech encoder with LLM requires substantial data and resources, use cases face limitations due to insufficient availability. To address this, we propose a solution with a parameter-efficient adapter that converts speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Jaekwon Yoo , Kunal Chandiramani , Divya Tadimeti , Abenezer Girma , Chandra Dhir
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