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Recent progress in Reinforcement Learning (RL) provides a principled approach to optimizing Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, facilitating a shift from trajectory imitation to active learning in the task environment. Despite improvements…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sixu Lin , Yunpeng Qing , Litao Liu , Ming Zhou , Ruixing Jin , Xiaoyi Fan , Guiliang Liu

Existing vision-language-action (VLA) models act in 3D real-world but are typically built on 2D encoders, leaving a spatial reasoning gap that limits generalization and adaptability. Recent 3D integration techniques for VLAs either require…

The past few years have witnessed the great success and prevalence of self-supervised representation learning within the language and 2D vision communities. However, such advancements have not been fully migrated to the field of 3D point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Qijian Zhang , Junhui Hou

Vision-Language Navigation (VLN) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) demands complex visual interpretation and continuous control in dynamic 3D environments. Existing hierarchical approaches rely on dense oracle guidance or auxiliary object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Peng Xu , Zhengnan Deng , Jiayan Deng , Zonghua Gu , Shaohua Wan

Autonomous drones capable of interpreting and executing high-level language instructions in unstructured environments remain a long-standing goal. Yet existing approaches are constrained by their dependence on hand-crafted skills, extensive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Qianzhong Chen , Naixiang Gao , Suning Huang , JunEn Low , Timothy Chen , Jiankai Sun , Mac Schwager

Unsupervised 3D representation learning reduces the burden of labeling multimodal 3D data for fusion perception tasks. Among different pre-training paradigms, differentiable-rendering-based methods have shown most promise. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Runjian Chen , Hang Zhang , Avinash Ravichandran , Hyoungseob Park , Wenqi Shao , Alex Wong , Ping Luo

Visual navigation policy is widely regarded as a promising direction, as it mimics humans by using egocentric visual observations for navigation. However, optical information of visual observations is difficult to be explicitly modeled like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Tianyu Xu , Jiawei Chen , Jiazhao Zhang , Wenyao Zhang , Zekun Qi , Minghan Li , Zhizheng Zhang , He Wang

Voxel-based methods have achieved state-of-the-art performance for 3D object detection in autonomous driving. However, their significant computational and memory costs pose a challenge for their application to resource-constrained vehicles.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Tianchen Zhao , Xuefei Ning , Ke Hong , Zhongyuan Qiu , Pu Lu , Yali Zhao , Linfeng Zhang , Lipu Zhou , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

Existing learning-based methods for point cloud rendering adopt various 3D representations and feature querying mechanisms to alleviate the sparsity problem of point clouds. However, artifacts still appear in rendered images, due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Tao Hu , Xiaogang Xu , Ruihang Chu , Jiaya Jia

Recent vision-language pre-training models have exhibited remarkable generalization ability in zero-shot recognition tasks. Previous open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding methods mostly focus on training 3D models using either image or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ruihuang Li , Zhengqiang Zhang , Chenhang He , Zhiyuan Ma , Vishal M. Patel , Lei Zhang

The performance of robotic imitation learning is fundamentally limited by data quality and training strategies. Prevalent sampling strategies on RLBench suffer from severe keyframe redundancy and imbalanced temporal distribution, leading to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Fanqi Pu , Lei Jiang , Wenming Yang

This paper presents UnderwaterVLA, a novel framework for autonomous underwater navigation that integrates multimodal foundation models with embodied intelligence systems. Underwater operations remain difficult due to hydrodynamic…

Point cloud data from 3D LiDAR sensors are one of the most crucial sensor modalities for versatile safety-critical applications such as self-driving vehicles. Since the annotations of point cloud data is an expensive and time-consuming…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-23 Khaled Saleh , Ahmed Abobakr , Mohammed Attia , Julie Iskander , Darius Nahavandi , Mohammed Hossny

Vision-language-action (VLA) models represent a promising direction for developing general-purpose robotic systems, demonstrating the ability to combine visual understanding, language comprehension, and action generation. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Pranav Guruprasad , Harshvardhan Sikka , Jaewoo Song , Yangyue Wang , Paul Pu Liang

The rising importance of 3D understanding, pivotal in computer vision, autonomous driving, and robotics, is evident. However, a prevailing trend, which straightforwardly resorted to transferring 2D alignment strategies to the 3D domain,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Jiayi Ji , Haowei Wang , Changli Wu , Yiwei Ma , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Enabling robots to perform diverse tasks across varied environments is a central challenge in robot learning. While vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown promise for generalizable robot skills, realizing their full potential…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Junjie Wen , Yichen Zhu , Jinming Li , Zhibin Tang , Chaomin Shen , Feifei Feng

With the rise of large-scale models trained on broad data, in-context learning has become a new learning paradigm that has demonstrated significant potential in natural language processing and computer vision tasks. Meanwhile, in-context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Zhongbin Fang , Xiangtai Li , Xia Li , Joachim M. Buhmann , Chen Change Loy , Mengyuan Liu

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown strong capabilities in understanding and analyzing visual scenes across various domains. However, in the context of autonomous driving, their limited comprehension of 3D environments restricts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Jannik Lübberstedt , Esteban Rivera , Nico Uhlemann , Markus Lienkamp

Recent open-vocabulary 3D scene understanding approaches mainly focus on training 3D networks through contrastive learning with point-text pairs or by distilling 2D features into 3D models via point-pixel alignment. While these methods show…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Xingyilang Yin , Jiale Wang , Xi Yang , Mutian Xu , Xu Gu , Nannan Wang

To date, various 3D scene understanding tasks still lack practical and generalizable pre-trained models, primarily due to the intricate nature of 3D scene understanding tasks and their immense variations introduced by camera views,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-02 Siyuan Huang , Yichen Xie , Song-Chun Zhu , Yixin Zhu