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Recent analyses of the orbits of some Kuiper Belt objects hypothesize the presence of an undiscovered Neptune-size planet at a very large separation from the Sun. The energy budget of Neptunes on such distant orbits is dominated by the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-04 Sivan Ginzburg , Re'em Sari , Abraham Loeb

The Kepler extended mission, also known as K2, has provided the community with a wealth of planetary candidates that orbit stars typically much brighter than the targets of the original mission. These planet candidates are suitable for…

The sample of known exoplanets is strongly biased to masses larger than the ones of the giant gaseous planets of the solar system. Recently, the discovery of two extrasolar planets of considerably lower masses around the nearby stars GJ 436…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Adrián Brunini , Rodolfo G. Cionco

Planets intermediate in size between the Earth and Neptune, and orbiting closer to their host stars than Mercury does the Sun, are the most common type of planet revealed by exoplanet surveys over the last quarter century. Results from…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-02-10 Jacob L. Bean , Sean N. Raymond , James E. Owen

We present an analysis of Hipparcos astrometric measurements of Upsilon Andromedae, a nearby main-sequence star around which three planet candidates have recently been discovered by means of radial-velocity measurements. The stellar orbit…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tsevi Mazeh , Shay Zucker , Andrea Dalla Torre , Floor van Leeuwen

Recent astronomical observations, in particular from the Kepler and TESS missions and their related follow-ups, have revealed an abundance of exoplanets in the size range between Neptune (4 Earth radii) and Earth (1 Earth radii ), as well…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-10 Li Zeng , Stephanie C. Werner , Stein B. Jacobsen , Elena Mamonova , Reidar G. Trønnes , Ramon Brasser

Planets with radii between that of the Earth and Neptune (hereafter referred to as sub-Neptunes) are found in close-in orbits around more than half of all Sun-like stars. Yet, their composition, formation, and evolution remain poorly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-30 R. Luque , H. P. Osborn , A. Leleu , E. Pallé , A. Bonfanti , O. Barragán , T. G. Wilson , C. Broeg , A. Collier Cameron , M. Lendl , P. F. L. Maxted , Y. Alibert , D. Gandolfi , J. -B. Delisle , M. J. Hooton , J. A. Egger , G. Nowak , M. Lafarga , D. Rapetti , J. D. Twicken , J. C. Morales , I. Carleo , J. Orell-Miquel , V. Adibekyan , R. Alonso , A. Alqasim , P. J. Amado , D. R. Anderson , G. Anglada-Escudé , T. Bandy , T. Bárczy , D. Barrado Navascues , S. C. C. Barros , W. Baumjohann , D. Bayliss , J. L. Bean , M. Beck , T. Beck , W. Benz , N. Billot , X. Bonfils , L. Borsato , A. W. Boyle , A. Brandeker , E. M. Bryant , J. Cabrera , S. Carrazco Gaxiola , D. Charbonneau , S. Charnoz , D. R. Ciardi , W. D. Cochran , K. A. Collins , I. J. M. Crossfield , Sz. Csizmadia , P. E. Cubillos , F. Dai , M. B. Davies , H. J. Deeg , M. Deleuil , A. Deline , L. Delrez , O. D. S. Demangeon , B. -O. Demory , D. Ehrenreich , A. Erikson , E. Esparza-Borges , B. Falk , A. Fortier , L. Fossati , M. Fridlund , A. Fukui , J. Garcia-Mejia , S. Gill , M. Gillon , E. Goffo , Y. Gomez Maqueo Chew , M. Güdel , E. W. Guenther , M. N. Günther , A. P. Hatzes , Ch. Helling , K. M. Hesse , S. B. Howell , S. Hoyer , K. Ikuta , K. G. Isaak , J. M. Jenkins , T. Kagetani , L. L. Kiss , T. Kodama , J. Korth , K. W. F. Lam , J. Laskar , D. W. Latham , A. Lecavelier des Etangs , J. P. D. Leon , J. H. Livingston , D. Magrin , R. A. Matson , E. C. Matthews , C. Mordasini , M. Mori , M. Moyano , M. Munari , F. Murgas , N. Narita , V. Nascimbeni , G. Olofsson , H. L. M. Osborne , R. Ottensamer , I. Pagano , H. Parviainen , G. Peter , G. Piotto , D. Pollacco , D. Queloz , S. N. Quinn , A. Quirrenbach , R. Ragazzoni , N. Rando , F. Ratti , H. Rauer , S. Redfield , I. Ribas , G. R. Ricker , A. Rudat , L. Sabin , S. Salmon , N. C. Santos , G. Scandariato , N. Schanche , J. E. Schlieder , S. Seager , D. Ségransan , A. Shporer , A. E. Simon , A. M. S. Smith , S. G. Sousa , M. Stalport , Gy. M. Szabó , N. Thomas , A. Tuson , S. Udry , A. M. Vanderburg , V. Van Eylen , V. Van Grootel , J. Venturini , I. Walter , N. A. Walton , N. Watanabe , J. N. Winn , T. Zingales

Recent studies of solar system formation suggest that the solar system's giant planets formed and migrated in the protoplanetary disk to reach resonant orbits with all planets inside 15 AU from the Sun. After the gas disk's dispersal,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 David Nesvorny

When studying transiting exoplanets it is common to assume a spherical planet shape. However short rotational periods can cause a planet to bulge at its equator, as is the case with Saturn whose equatorial radius is almost 10% larger than…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 David Berardo , Julien DeWit

Using the precise times of mid-egress of the eclipsing polar HU Aqr, we discovered that this polar is orbited by two or more giant planets. The two planets detected so far have masses of at least 5.9 and 4.5\,M_{Jup}. Their respective…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 S. -B. Qian , L. Liu , W. -P. Liao , L. -J. Li , L. -Y. Zhu , Z. -B. Dai , J. -J. He , E. -G. Zhao , J. Zhang , K. Li

Just fourteen years ago the Solar System represented the only known planetary system in the Galaxy, and conceptions of planet formation were shaped by this sample of one. Since then, 320 planets have been discovered orbiting 276 individual…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 John A. Johnson

In this thesis, I explore two topics in exoplanet science. The first is the prevalence of Earth-size planets in the Milky Way Galaxy. To determine the occurrence of planets having different sizes, orbital periods, and other properties, I…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-15 Erik Ardeshir Petigura

Using over 89 million astrometric observations of 349,737 numbered minor planets, an attempt was made to determine the masses of 230 of them by simultaneously solving for corrections to all orbital elements and the masses. For 132 minor…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-05-08 Edwin Goffin

We are conducting a survey for extreme solar system objects to understand Sedna and 2012 VP113 and determine if an unknown massive planet exists in the outer solar system. Two new objects, 2014 SR349 and 2013 FT28, are extreme detached…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-14 Scott S. Sheppard , Chad Trujillo

In the framework of the emergent gravity scenario by Verlinde, it was recently observed by Liu and Prokopec that, among other things, an anomalous pericenter precession would affect the orbital motion of a test particle orbiting an isolated…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-03-14 Lorenzo Iorio

Royal Society Discussion Meeting (2013) `Characterizing exoplanets'. Of the 900+ confirmed exoplanets discovered since 1995 for which we have constraints on their mass (i.e., not including Kepler candidates), 75% have masses larger than…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-19 Leigh N. Fletcher , Patrick G. J. Irwin , Joanna K. Barstow , Remco J. de Kok , Jae-Min Lee , Suzanne Aigrain

The orbital parameters of the observed extrasolar planets differ strongly from those of our own solar system. The differences include planets with high masses, small semi-major axis and large eccentricities. We performed numerical…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Wilhelm Kley

I calculate the classical effects induced by an isotropic mass loss of a body on the orbital motion of a test particle around it. By applying my results to the phase in which the radius of the Sun, already moved to the Red Giant Branch of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-30 Lorenzo Iorio

In the past decade, numerical simulations started to reveal the possible existence of planet 9 in our solar system. The planet 9 scenario can provide an excellent explanation to the clustering in orbital elements for Kuiper Belt objects.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-06-06 Man Ho Chan