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In recent years, the use of multi-modal pre-trained Transformers has led to significant advancements in visually-rich document understanding. However, existing models have mainly focused on features such as text and vision while neglecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Qiwei Li , Zuchao Li , Xiantao Cai , Bo Du , Hai Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly becoming critical infrastructure for enterprise applications, driving unprecedented demand for GPU-based inference services. A key operational challenge arises from the two-phase nature of LLM…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Ruihan Lin , Zezhen Ding , Zean Han , Jiheng Zhang

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in long context generation. Extending the context length has disproportionately shifted the memory footprint of LLMs during inference to the key-value cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Cheng Luo , Zefan Cai , Hanshi Sun , Jinqi Xiao , Bo Yuan , Wen Xiao , Junjie Hu , Jiawei Zhao , Beidi Chen , Anima Anandkumar

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various fields, the efficiency of training and inference remains a major challenge. To address this issue, we propose SUBLLM, short for Subsampling-Upsampling-Bypass…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Quandong Wang , Yuxuan Yuan , Xiaoyu Yang , Ruike Zhang , Kang Zhao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Daniel Povey , Bin Wang

In this paper, we propose a general digital twin edge computing network comprising multiple vehicles and a server. Each vehicle generates multiple computing tasks within a time slot, leading to queuing challenges when offloading tasks to…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Qiong Wu , Yu Xie , Pingyi Fan , Dong Qin , Kezhi Wang , Nan Cheng , Khaled B. Letaief

The use of FPGAs for efficient graph processing has attracted significant interest. Recent memory subsystem upgrades including the introduction of HBM in FPGAs promise to further alleviate memory bottlenecks. However, modern multi-channel…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Xinyu Chen , Yao Chen , Feng Cheng , Hongshi Tan , Bingsheng He , Weng-Fai Wong

Modern machine learning workloads use large models, with complex structures, that are very expensive to execute. The devices that execute complex models are becoming increasingly heterogeneous as we see a flourishing of domain-specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-02 Jakub Tarnawski , Amar Phanishayee , Nikhil R. Devanur , Divya Mahajan , Fanny Nina Paravecino

The rapid growth of large language models (LLMs) has outpaced the evolution of single-GPU hardware, making model scale increasingly constrained by memory capacity rather than computation. While modern training systems extend GPU memory…

Operating Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Zhengqing Yuan , Lichao Sun , Yanfang Ye

Hypergraphs are vital in modelling data with higher-order relations containing more than two entities, gaining prominence in machine learning and signal processing. Many hypergraph neural networks leverage message passing over hypergraph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-09 Bohan Tang , Siheng Chen , Xiaowen Dong

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) has exponentially increased the demand for efficient serving systems. With growing requests and context lengths, key-value (KV)-related operations, including attention computation and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Lian Liu , Shixin Zhao , Yutian Zhou , Yintao He , Mengdi Wang , Yinhe Han , Ying Wang

Typical methods for supervised sequence modeling are built upon the recurrent neural networks to capture temporal dependencies. One potential limitation of these methods is that they only model explicitly information interactions between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-27 Canmiao Fu , Wenjie Pei , Qiong Cao , Chaopeng Zhang , Yong Zhao , Xiaoyong Shen , Yu-Wing Tai

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly explored for graph tasks. Despite their remarkable success in text-based tasks, LLMs' capabilities in understanding explicit graph structures remain limited, particularly with large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Sambhav Khurana , Xiner Li , Shurui Gui , Shuiwang Ji

Modern frameworks for training large foundation models (LFMs) employ dataloaders in a data-parallel manner, with each loader processing a disjoint subset of training data. When preparing data for LFM training that originates from multiple,…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Juntao Zhao , Qi Lu , Wei Jia , Borui Wan , Lei Zuo , Junda Feng , Jianyu Jiang , Yangrui Chen , Shuaishuai Cao , Jialing He , Kaihua Jiang , Yuanzhe Hu , Shibiao Nong , Yanghua Peng , Haibin Lin , Chuan Wu

We present ReHub, a novel graph transformer architecture that achieves linear complexity through an efficient reassignment technique between nodes and virtual nodes. Graph transformers have become increasingly important in graph learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Tomer Borreda , Daniel Freedman , Or Litany

Neural networks have become dominant computational workloads across cloud and edge platforms, but their rapid growth in model size and deployment diversity has exposed hardware bottlenecks increasingly dominated by memory movement,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Bin Xu , Ayan Banerjee , Sandeep Gupta

RAPID-LLM is a unified performance modeling framework for large language model (LLM) training and inference on GPU clusters. It couples a DeepFlow-based frontend that generates hardware-aware, operator-level Chakra execution traces from an…

Modern HBM-based memory systems have evolved over generations while retaining cache line granularity accesses. Preserving this fine granularity necessitated the introduction of bank groups and pseudo channels. These structures expand timing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hwayong Nam , Seungmin Baek , Jumin Kim , Michael Jaemin Kim , Jung Ho Ahn

As the foundational component of versatile AI applications, training an multimodal large language model (MLLM) relies on multimodal datasets with dynamic modality mixture proportions and sample length distributions. However, existing MLLM…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Chunyu Xue , Yangrui Chen , Jianyu Jiang , Ningxin Zheng , Junda Feng , Jingji Chen , Shixiong Zhao , Shen Yan , Yi Lin , Lei Shi , Zanbo Wang , Lishu Luo , Faming Wu , Haibin Lin , Xin Liu , Yanghua Peng , Quan Chen

Computational offloading has become an enabling component for edge intelligence in mobile and smart devices. Existing offloading schemes mainly focus on mobile devices and servers, while ignoring the potential network congestion caused by…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Zhongyuan Zhao , Jake Perazzone , Gunjan Verma , Santiago Segarra

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…