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A long-standing challenge in developing accurate recommendation models is simulating user behavior, mainly due to the complex and stochastic nature of user interactions. Towards this, one promising line of work has been the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Himanshu Thakur , Eshani Agrawal , Smruthi Mukund

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) critically depends on effective query expansion to retrieve relevant information. However, existing expansion methods adopt uniform strategies that overlook user-specific semantics, ignoring individual…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Yingyi Zhang , Pengyue Jia , Derong Xu , Yi Wen , Xianneng Li , Yichao Wang , Wenlin Zhang , Xiaopeng Li , Weinan Gan , Huifeng Guo , Yong Liu , Xiangyu Zhao

Constraint Programming (CP) and Machine Learning (ML) face challenges in text generation due to CP's struggle with implementing "meaning'' and ML's difficulty with structural constraints. This paper proposes a solution by combining both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Florian Régin , Elisabetta De Maria , Alexandre Bonlarron

This paper studies retrieval-augmented approaches for personalizing large language models (LLMs), which potentially have a substantial impact on various applications and domains. We propose the first attempt to optimize the retrieval models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Alireza Salemi , Surya Kallumadi , Hamed Zamani

We propose LangProp, a framework for iteratively optimizing code generated by large language models (LLMs), in both supervised and reinforcement learning settings. While LLMs can generate sensible coding solutions zero-shot, they are often…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Shu Ishida , Gianluca Corrado , George Fedoseev , Hudson Yeo , Lloyd Russell , Jamie Shotton , João F. Henriques , Anthony Hu

We present Persona-L, a novel approach for creating personas using Large Language Models (LLMs) and an ability-based framework, specifically designed to improve the representation of users with complex needs. Traditional methods of persona…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Lipeipei Sun , Tianzi Qin , Anran Hu , Jiale Zhang , Shuojia Lin , Jianyan Chen , Mona Ali , Mirjana Prpa

This draft paper presents a workflow for creating User Personas with Large Language Models, using the results of a Thematic Analysis of qualitative interviews. The proposed workflow uses improved prompting and a larger pool of Themes,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Stefano De Paoli

We discover a previously overlooked challenge in personalized text generation: personalization methods are increasingly applied under explicit style instructions, yet their behavior under such constraints remains poorly understood. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Yutong Song , Jiang Wu , Shaofan Yuan , Chengze Shen , Jian Wang , Amir Rahmani , Nikil Dutt , Yu Wang

Personalized generation in T2I diffusion models aims to naturally incorporate individual user preferences into the generation process with minimal user intervention. However, existing studies primarily rely on prompt-level modeling with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Hyungjin Kim , Seokho Ahn , Young-Duk Seo

Personalizing large language models (LLMs) is essential for delivering tailored interactions that improve user experience. Many existing personalization methods require fine-tuning LLMs for each user, rendering them prohibitively expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Yijing Zhang , Dyah Adila , Changho Shin , Frederic Sala

Web agents have emerged as a promising direction to automate Web task completion based on user instructions, significantly enhancing user experience. Recently, Web agents have evolved from traditional agents to Large Language Models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Hongru Cai , Yongqi Li , Wenjie Wang , Fengbin Zhu , Xiaoyu Shen , Wenjie Li , Tat-Seng Chua

As LLMs become capable of complex tasks, there is growing potential for personalized interactions tailored to the subtle and idiosyncratic preferences of the user. We present a public benchmark, PersonalLLM, focusing on adapting LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Thomas P. Zollo , Andrew Wei Tung Siah , Naimeng Ye , Ang Li , Hongseok Namkoong

Personalized text generation requires a unique ability of large language models (LLMs) to learn from context that they often do not encounter during their standard training. One way to encourage LLMs to better use personalized context for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Alireza Salemi , Cheng Li , Mingyang Zhang , Qiaozhu Mei , Weize Kong , Tao Chen , Zhuowan Li , Michael Bendersky , Hamed Zamani

Recent advances in Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have led to significant performance improvements across many tasks. These gains come with a drastic increase in the models' size, potentially leading to slow and costly use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Tal Schuster , Adam Fisch , Jai Gupta , Mostafa Dehghani , Dara Bahri , Vinh Q. Tran , Yi Tay , Donald Metzler

Personalized LLMs can significantly enhance user experiences by tailoring responses to preferences such as helpfulness, conciseness, and humor. However, fine-tuning models to address all possible combinations of user preferences is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Jinyan Su , Jinpeng Zhou , Claire Cardie , Wen Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in general-purpose code generation. However, generating the code which is deeply hardware-specific, architecture-aware, and performance-critical, especially for massively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Wentao Chen , Jiace Zhu , Qi Fan , Yehan Ma , An Zou

User simulation is increasingly vital to develop and evaluate recommender systems (RSs). While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer promising avenues to simulate user behavior, they often struggle with the absence of specific task alignment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Tianjun Wei , Huizhong Guo , Yingpeng Du , Zhu Sun , Huang Chen , Dongxia Wang , Jie Zhang

Recommender systems perform well for popular items and users with ample interactions (likes, ratings etc.). This work addresses the difficult and underexplored case of users who have very sparse interactions but post informative review…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Ghazaleh Haratinezhad Torbati , Anna Tigunova , Andrew Yates , Gerhard Weikum

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in code generation, they often produce solutions that lack guarantees of correctness, robustness, and efficiency. This limitation is particularly acute in domains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Yueke Zhang , Yifan Zhang , Kevin Leach , Yu Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in code generation and problem solving. Current approaches employ external tool-based iterative debuggers that use compiler or other tool-based runtime feedback to refine coarse…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Md. Ashraful Islam , Mohammed Eunus Ali , Md Rizwan Parvez