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We introduce and study so-called self-indexed graphs. These are (oriented) finite graphs endowed with a map from the set of edges to the set of vertices. Such graphs naturally arise from classical knot and link diagrams. In fact, the graphs…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Matias Graña , Vladimir Turaev

We introduce $C^*$-algebras associated with directed graphs, along with two generalizations of this concept, namely Exel-Pardo $C^*$-algebras associated with a self-similar action of a group on a directed graph, and the $C^*$-algebras…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Pere Ara

This paper deals with the classification of groups $G$ such that power graphs and proper power graphs of $G$ are line graphs. In fact, we classify all finite nilpotent groups whose power graphs are line graphs. Also, we categorize all…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-06 Sudip Bera

The undirected power graph (or simply power graph) of a group $G$, denoted by $P(G)$, is a graph whose vertices are the elements of the group $G$, in which two vertices $u$ and $v$ are connected by an edge between if and only if either…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-09 Pallabi Manna , Peter J. Cameron , Ranjit Mehatari

The power graph of a finite group $G$ is a simple undirected graph with vertex set $G$ and two vertices are adjacent if one is a power of the other. The enhanced power graph of a finite group $G$ is a simple undirected graph whose vertex…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-03 Parveen , Jitender Kumar , Ramesh Prasad Panda

The power graph $\Gamma_G$ of a finite group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is the group, two distinct elements being adjacent if one is a power of the other. In this paper, we classify the finite groups whose power graphs have…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-12-17 Xuanlong Ma , Gary L. Walls , Kaishun Wang

The power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G$, having an edge between two distinct vertices if one is the power of the other. The directed power graph $\vec{\mathcal{P}}(G)$ of a group $G$ is the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-30 Nicolas Pinzauti , Daniela Bubboloni

The directed power graph $\vec{\mathcal P}(\mathbf G)$ of a group $\mathbf G$ is the simple digraph with vertex set $G$ such that $x\rightarrow y$ if $y$ is a power of $x$. The power graph of $\mathbf G$, denoted by $\mathcal P(\mathbf G)$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-01-10 Ivica Bošnjak , Rozália Madarász , Samir Zahirović

Let $F_G(P)$ be a functional defined on the set of all the probability distributions on the vertex set of a graph $G$. We say that $G$ is \emph{symmetric with respect to $F_G(P)$} if the uniform distribution on $V(G)$ maximizes $F_G(P)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-07 Seyed Saeed Changiz Rezaei , Ehsan Chiniforooshan

We introduce the notion of a move graph, that is, a directed graph whose vertex set is a $\mathbb Z$-module $\mathbb Z_n^m$, and whose arc set is uniquely determined by the action $M\!:\!\mathbb Z_n^m\to \mathbb Z_n^m$ where $M$ is an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-05 Patrick Cesarz , Eugene Fiorini , Charles Gong , Kyle Kelley , Philip Thomas , Andrew Woldar

For a set-endofunctor $F$, we extend the notion of universal $F$-coalgebras to $F$-graphs. These generalized coalgebras are models for various types of graphs, such as (un)directed (hyper)graphs, relational structures or fuzzy graphs. The…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-11 Christian Jäkel

The power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ is a graph with group elements as vertex set and two elements are adjacent if one is a power of the other. The order supergraph $\mathcal{S}(G)$ of the power graph $\mathcal{P}(G)$ is a graph with vertex set…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-25 A. R. Ashrafi , A. Hamzeh

The commuting graph of a non-abelian group is a simple graph in which the vertices are the non-central elements of the group, and two distinct vertices are adjacent if and only if they commute. In this paper, we classify (up to isomorphism)…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-26 Ashish Kumar Das , Deiborlang Nongsiang

In the branch of mathematics known as graph theory, graphs are considered as a set of points, called vertices, with connections between these points, called edges. The purpose of this paper is to study mappings between two graphs that have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Jeffrey Beyerl , Cameron Sharpe

The \emph{difference subgroup graph} $D(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is defined as the graph whose vertices are the non-trivial proper subgroups of $G$, with two distinct vertices $H$ and $K$ adjacent if and only if $\langle H, K \rangle = G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-07 Angsuman Das , Arnab Mandal , Labani Sarkar

Let $\Gamma$ be an undirected and simple graph. A set $ S $ of vertices in $\Gamma$ is called a {cyclic vertex cutset} of $\Gamma$ if $\Gamma - S$ is disconnected and has at least two components each containing a cycle. If $\Gamma$ has a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-29 Ramesh Prasad Panda , Papi Ray

Graph C*-algebras have been celebrated as C*-algebras that can be seen, because many important properties may be determined by looking at the underlying graph. This paper introduces the permutation graph for a permutative endomorphism of a…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2015-01-15 James Emil Avery , Rune Johansen , Wojciech Szymanski

The \emph{power graph} $P(G)$ of a group $G$ is the graph whose vertex set is $G$, with $x$ and $y$ joined if one is a power of the other; the \emph{directed power graph} $\vec{P}(G)$ has the same vertex set, with an arc from $x$ to $y$ if…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-05-31 Peter J. Cameron , Horacio Guerra , Šimon Jurina

The independence polynomial of a hypergraph is the generating function for its independent (vertex) sets with respect to their cardinality. This article aims to discuss several recurrence relations for the independence polynomial using some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-06-12 Martin Trinks

The independent domination number $i(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a maximal independent set of $G$, also called an $i(G)$-set. The $i$-graph of $G$, denoted $\mathcal{I}(G)$, is the graph whose vertices correspond to the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-14 R. C. Brewster , C. M. Mynhardt , L. E. Teshima