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Robotic manipulation with Vision-Language-Action models requires efficient inference over long-horizon multi-modal context, where attention to dense visual tokens dominates computational cost. Existing methods optimize inference speed by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Xiaohuan Pei , Yuxing Chen , Siyu Xu , Yunke Wang , Yuheng Shi , Chang Xu

While autoregressive (AR) Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated formidable reasoning capabilities in robotic tasks, their sequential decoding process often incurs high inference latency and may amplify error accumulation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ruiheng Wang , Shuanghao Bai , Haoran Zhang , Badong Chen , Xiangyu Xu

Vision-language-action (VLA) models achieve strong in-distribution performance but degrade sharply under novel camera viewpoints and visual perturbations. We show that this brittleness primarily arises from misalignment in Spatial Modeling,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Weiqi Li , Quande Zhang , Ruifeng Zhai , Liang Lin , Guangrun Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have shown promising capabilities for embodied intelligence, but most existing approaches rely on text-based chain-of-thought reasoning where visual inputs are treated as static context. This limits the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Chaoyang Wang , Wenrui Bao , Sicheng Gao , Bingxin Xu , Yu Tian , Yogesh S. Rawat , Yunhao Ge , Yuzhang Shang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models demonstrate remarkable potential for generalizable robotic manipulation. The performance of VLA models can be improved by integrating with action chunking, a critical technique for effective control.…

Vision-Language-Action~(VLA) models have shown strong potential for general-purpose robotic manipulation, yet they still struggle to generalize to unseen tasks that necessitate transferring relevant experience across objects, scenes, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Shengyu Si , Yuanzhuo Lu , Ruimeng Yang , Ziyi Ye , Zuxuan Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved significant breakthroughs by leveraging Large Vision Language Models (VLMs) to jointly interpret instructions and visual inputs. However, the substantial increase in visual tokens,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Haosheng Li , Weixin Mao , Zihan Lan , Hongwei Xiong , Hongan Wang , Chenyang Si , Ziwei Liu , Xiaoming Deng , Hua Chen

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a promising path to generalist robot control, but their inference latency causes observation staleness when generated actions are executed asynchronously. Several methods have been proposed…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ayoub Agouzoul

Recent high-capacity vision-language-action (VLA) models have demonstrated impressive performance on a range of robotic manipulation tasks by imitating human demonstrations. However, exploiting offline data with limited visited states will…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Guanxing Lu , Wenkai Guo , Chubin Zhang , Yuheng Zhou , Haonan Jiang , Zifeng Gao , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown strong decision-making capabilities in autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs often struggle with achieving efficient inference and generalizing to novel autonomous vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Dapeng Zhang , Zhenlong Yuan , Zhangquan Chen , Chih-Ting Liao , Yinda Chen , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou , Tat-Seng Chua

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have shown strong potential for generalist robot manipulation, yet they remain limited by insufficient spatial reasoning, particularly in determining where to interact in complex visual scenes. While…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Runze Wang , Yuqian Fu , Yu Li , Tao Lin , Tianwen Qian , Mohamed Elhoseiny , Bo Zhao , Yanwei Fu , Yu-Gang Jiang , Xiangyang Xue

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) policies are typically evaluated as if the user had finished typing or speaking before the robot begins acting. In real deployment, however, users take several seconds to enter a request, leaving the policy idle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Joonha Park , Jiseung Jeong , Taesik Gong

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models rely on current observations, including images, language instructions, and robot states, to predict actions and complete tasks. While accurate visual perception is crucial for precise action prediction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Cheng Yang , Jianhao Jiao , Lingyi Huang , Jinqi Xiao , Zhexiang Tang , Yu Gong , Yibiao Ying , Yang Sui , Jintian Lin , Wen Huang , Bo Yuan

Vision-Language-Action models (VLA) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities and promising potential in solving complex robotic manipulation tasks. However, their substantial parameter sizes and high inference latency pose significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Yuxuan Chen , Xiao Li

Current Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically treat the deepest representation of a vision-language backbone as universally optimal for action prediction. However, robotic manipulation is composed of many frequent closed-loop…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Boyang Shen , Kaixiang Yang , Hao Wang , Qiuyu Yu , Qiang Xie , Qiang Li , Zhiwei Wang

Recent advances in vision-language-action (VLA) models have motivated the extension of their capabilities to embodied settings, where reinforcement learning (RL) offers a principled way to optimize task success through interaction. However,…

Achieving truly adaptive embodied intelligence requires agents that learn not just by imitating static demonstrations, but by continuously improving through environmental interaction, which is akin to how humans master skills through…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Zechen Bai , Chen Gao , Mike Zheng Shou

Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable success in improving robustness and generalization for end-to-end robotic manipulation. However, these models struggle with long-horizon tasks due to their lack of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Runhao Li , Wenkai Guo , Zhenyu Wu , Changyuan Wang , Haoyuan Deng , Zhenyu Weng , Yap-Peng Tan , Ziwei Wang

An emerging paradigm in vision-and-language navigation (VLN) is the use of history-aware multi-modal transformer models. Given a language instruction, these models process observation and navigation history to predict the most appropriate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Dongwoo Kang , Akhil Perincherry , Zachary Coalson , Aiden Gabriel , Stefan Lee , Sanghyun Hong

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models exhibit unprecedented capabilities for embodied intelligence. However, their extensive computational and memory costs hinder their practical deployment. Existing VLA compression and acceleration…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Hengyu Fang , Yijiang Liu , Yuan Du , Li Du , Huanrui Yang