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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in decision-making and reasoning, particularly when integrated with various tools to effectively solve complex problems. However, existing benchmarks for evaluating LLMs'…

While existing benchmarks probe the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) across diverse domains, they predominantly assess passive reasoning, providing models with all the information needed to reach a solution. By contrast,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Zhanke Zhou , Xiao Feng , Zhaocheng Zhu , Jiangchao Yao , Sanmi Koyejo , Bo Han

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into software engineering has driven a transition from traditional rule-based systems to autonomous agentic systems capable of solving complex problems. However, systematic progress is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Jiale Guo , Suizhi Huang , Mei Li , Dong Huang , Xingsheng Chen , Regina Zhang , Zhijiang Guo , Han Yu , Siu-Ming Yiu , Pietro Lio , Kwok-Yan Lam

Context: Manual qualitative data analysis is time-intensive and can compromise validity and replicability, affecting analysis design, implementation, and reporting. Large Language Models (LLMs) enable human-bot collaboration in Software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Aakash Ahmad , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Wang Xiaofeng , Anh Nguyen Duc , Pekka Abrahamsson

The rapid adoption of AI agents across domains has made systematic evaluation crucial for ensuring their usefulness and successful production deployment. Evaluation of AI agents typically involves using a fixed set of benchmarks and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate human users in interactive settings such as therapy, education, and social role-play. While these simulations enable scalable training and evaluation of AI agents, off-the-shelf…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Marwa Abdulhai , Ryan Cheng , Donovan Clay , Tim Althoff , Sergey Levine , Natasha Jaques

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled a new class of AI agents that automate multiple stages of the data science workflow by integrating planning, tool use, and multimodal reasoning across text, code, tables, and…

A growing body of research assumes that large language model (LLM) agents can serve as proxies for how people form attitudes toward and behave in response to security and privacy (S&P) threats. If correct, these simulations could offer a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Yuxuan Li , Leyang Li , Hao-Ping Lee , Sauvik Das

Large language models (LLM) are perceived to offer promising potentials for automating security tasks, such as those found in security operation centers (SOCs). As a first step towards evaluating this perceived potential, we investigate the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Kumar Shashwat , Francis Hahn , Xinming Ou , Dmitry Goldgof , Lawrence Hall , Jay Ligatti , S. Raj Rajgopalan , Armin Ziaie Tabari

Large language models (LLMs) can carry out human-like dialogue, but unlike humans, they are stateless due to the superposition property. However, during multi-turn, multi-agent interactions, LLMs begin to exhibit consistent, character-like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Siqi Fan , Xiusheng Huang , Yiqun Yao , Xuezhi Fang , Kang Liu , Peng Han , Shuo Shang , Aixin Sun , Yequan Wang

Task-oriented conversational systems are essential for efficiently addressing diverse user needs, yet their development requires substantial amounts of high-quality conversational data that is challenging and costly to obtain. While large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Zhefan Wang , Ning Geng , Zhiqiang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

A long-standing challenge in developing accurate recommendation models is simulating user behavior, mainly due to the complex and stochastic nature of user interactions. Towards this, one promising line of work has been the use of Large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Himanshu Thakur , Eshani Agrawal , Smruthi Mukund

While LLM agents have demonstrated remarkable task-oriented abilities such as planning, reasoning, and action, few works have treated them as complete human personalities where emotional dimensions hold equal importance. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Weihan Peng , Chenxu Zhang , Qianao Wang , Yuling Shi , Heng Lian , Qihong Mao , Jiahao Pang , Chunliang Feng , Bowen Li , Xiaodong Gu

Embodied agents designed to assist users with tasks must engage in natural language interactions, interpret instructions, execute actions, and communicate effectively to resolve issues. However, collecting large-scale, diverse datasets of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Daniel Philipov , Vardhan Dongre , Gokhan Tur , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Recent advancements in AI agents have demonstrated their growing potential to drive and support scientific discovery. In this work, we introduce MLR-Bench, a comprehensive benchmark for evaluating AI agents on open-ended machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Hui Chen , Miao Xiong , Yujie Lu , Wei Han , Ailin Deng , Yufei He , Jiaying Wu , Yibo Li , Yue Liu , Bryan Hooi

Student simulation presents a transformative approach to enhance learning outcomes, advance educational research, and ultimately shape the future of effective pedagogy. We explore the feasibility of using large language models (LLMs), a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Songlin Xu , Xinyu Zhang

As large language models (LLMs) develop anthropomorphic abilities, they are increasingly being deployed as autonomous agents to interact with humans. However, evaluating their performance in realistic and complex social interactions remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shuai Huang , Wenxuan Zhao , Jun Gao

The rapid rise of large language models (LLMs) has shifted artificial intelligence (AI) research toward agentic systems, motivating the use of weaker and more flexible notions of agency. However, this shift raises key questions about the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Vince Trencsenyi , Agnieszka Mensfelt , Kostas Stathis

Modern AI progress has been driven by ML methods that are generalizable across settings and scalable to larger regimes. As large language models demonstrate advanced capabilities in reasoning, coding, and engineering tasks, it is…

The advent of large language models (LLMs) has enabled agents to represent virtual humans in societal simulations, facilitating diverse interactions within complex social systems. However, existing LLM-based agents exhibit severe…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Qun Ma , Xiao Xue , Xuwen Zhang , Zihan Zhao , Yuwei Guo , Ming Zhang