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A fundamental variant of the classical traveling salesman problem (TSP) is the so-called multiple TSP (mTSP), where a set of $m$ salesmen jointly visit all cities from a set of $n$ cities. The mTSP models many important real-life…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-01-07 Kristóf Bérczi , Matthias Mnich , Roland Vincze

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is the most popular and most studied combinatorial problem, starting with von Neumann in 1951. It has driven the discovery of several optimization techniques such as cutting planes, branch-and-bound,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Xavier Bresson , Thomas Laurent

The multiple Traveling Salesmen Problem (mTSP) is a general extension of the famous NP-hard Traveling Salesmen Problem (TSP), that there are m (m > 1) salesmen to visit the cities. In this paper, we address the mTSP with both the minsum…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Jiongzhi Zheng , Yawei Hong , Wenchang Xu , Wentao Li , Yongfu Chen

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a fundamental NP-hard optimization problem. Over the past decades, traditional heuristic methods have achieved substantial success in solving TSP, yet their performance, particularly for large-scale…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Haoze Lv , Wenjie Chen , Zhiyuan Wang , Shengcai Liu

This paper aims to develop a learning method for a special class of traveling salesman problems (TSP), namely, the pickup-and-delivery TSP (PDTSP), which finds the shortest tour along a sequence of one-to-one pickup-and-delivery nodes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bowen Fang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

The Traveling Thief Problem (TTP) is a multi-component optimization problem that captures the interplay between routing and packing decisions by combining the classical Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) and the Knapsack Problem (KP). The…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jan Eube , Kelin Luo , Aneta Neumann , Frank Neumann , Heiko Röglin

The traveling salesman problem (TSP) is a fundamental problem in combinatorial optimization. Several semidefinite programming relaxations have been proposed recently that exploit a variety of mathematical structures including, e.g.,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-23 Samuel C. Gutekunst , David P. Williamson

This paper presents a novel and efficient heuristic framework for approximating the solutions to the multiple traveling salesmen problem (m-TSP) and other variants on the TSP. The approach adopted in this paper is an extension of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-04-15 Mayank Baranwal , Brian Roehl , Srinivasa M. Salapaka

This paper proposes a hybrid genetic algorithm for solving the Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (mTSP) to minimize the length of the longest tour. The genetic algorithm utilizes a TSP sequence as the representation of each individual,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Sasan Mahmoudinazlou , Changhyun Kwon

We present a benchmark set for Traveling salesman problem (TSP) with characteristics that are different from the existing benchmark sets. In particular, we focus on small instances which prove to be challenging for one or more…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Pouya Baniasadi , Vladimir Ejov , Michael Haythorpe , Serguei Rossomakhine

In this paper, we propose a novel sampling-based planner for multi-goal path planning among obstacles, where the objective is to visit predefined target locations while minimizing the travel costs. The order of visiting the targets is often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Jaroslav Janoš , Vojtěch Vonásek , Robert Pěnička

The Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem (MTSP) extends the traveling salesman problem by assigning multiple salesmen to visit a set of targets from a common depot, with each target visited exactly once while minimizing total tour length. A…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Abhay Singh Bhadoriya , Deepjyoti Deka , Kaarthik Sundar

Existing neural constructive solvers for routing problems have predominantly employed transformer architectures, conceptualizing the route construction as a set-to-sequence learning task. However, their efficacy has primarily been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Yong Liang Goh , Zhiguang Cao , Yining Ma , Yanfei Dong , Mohammed Haroon Dupty , Wee Sun Lee

The Traveling Salesman Problem (often called TSP) is a classic algorithmic problem in the field of computer science and operations research. It is an NP-Hard problem focused on optimization. TSP has several applications even in its purest…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-05-31 Amey Gohil , Manan Tayal , Tezan Sahu , Vyankatesh Sawalpurkar

The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well known and challenging combinatorial optimisation problem. Its computational intractability has attracted a number of heuristic approaches to generate satisfactory, if not optimal, candidate…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2013-03-27 Jeff Jones , Andrew Adamatzky

Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), as a classic routing optimization problem originally arising in the domain of transportation and logistics, has become a critical task in broader domains, such as manufacturing and biology. Recently, Deep…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Yan Jin , Yuandong Ding , Xuanhao Pan , Kun He , Li Zhao , Tao Qin , Lei Song , Jiang Bian

In this paper we study a natural special case of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) with point-locational-uncertainty which we will call the {\em adversarial TSP} problem (ATSP). Given a metric space $(X, d)$ and a set of subsets $R =…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-05-18 Gui Citovsky , Tyler Mayer , Joseph S. B. Mitchell

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a classic NP-hard combinatorial optimization task with numerous practical applications. Classic heuristic solvers can attain near-optimal performance for small problem instances, but become…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Michael Li , Eric Bae , Christopher Haberland , Natasha Jaques

Evolutionary algorithms have been shown to obtain good solutions for complex optimization problems in static and dynamic environments. It is important to understand the behaviour of evolutionary algorithms for complex optimization problems…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Jakob Bossek , Aneta Neumann , Frank Neumann

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most extensively researched and widely applied combinatorial optimization problems. It is NP-hard even in the symmetric and metric case. Building upon elaborate research, state-of-the-art…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Sabrina C. L. Ammann , Birte Ostermann , Sebastian Stiller , Timo de Wolff