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Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) are rapidly emerging alongside autoregressive models as a powerful paradigm for complex reasoning, with reinforcement learning increasingly used for downstream alignment. Existing trajectory-based RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Ranfei Chen , Ming Chen , Kaifei Wang

Large language models have demonstrated extraordinary performance in many AI tasks but are expensive to use, even after training, due to their requirement of high-end GPUs. Recently, a distributed system called PETALS was developed to lower…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Tingyang Sun , Ting He , Bo Ji , Parimal Parag

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive real-world utility, exemplifying artificial useful intelligence (AUI). However, their ability to reason adaptively and robustly -- the hallmarks of artificial general intelligence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Seungwook Han , Jyothish Pari , Samuel J. Gershman , Pulkit Agrawal

The conventional design of wireless communication systems typically relies on established mathematical models that capture the characteristics of different communication modules. Unfortunately, such design cannot be easily and directly…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-04 Yifan Ma , Yifei Shen , Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , S. H. Song , Khaled B. Letaief

Diffusion models, a powerful and universal generative AI technology, have achieved tremendous success in computer vision, audio, reinforcement learning, and computational biology. In these applications, diffusion models provide flexible…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Minshuo Chen , Song Mei , Jianqing Fan , Mengdi Wang

We explore the methodology and theory of reward-directed generation via conditional diffusion models. Directed generation aims to generate samples with desired properties as measured by a reward function, which has broad applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-17 Hui Yuan , Kaixuan Huang , Chengzhuo Ni , Minshuo Chen , Mengdi Wang

Speech super-resolution (SR) is the task that restores high-resolution speech from low-resolution input. Existing models employ simulated data and constrained experimental settings, which limit generalization to real-world SR. Predictive…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-26 Heming Wang , Eric W. Healy , DeLiang Wang

Generative Diffusion Models (GDMs) have emerged as key components of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI), offering unparalleled expressiveness and controllability for complex data generation tasks. However, their deployment in…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Hamidreza Mazandarani , Mohammad Farhoudi , Masoud Shokrnezhad , Tarik Taleb

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable success across various application domains, but their enormous sizes and computational demands pose significant challenges for deployment on resource-constrained edge devices. To…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Kai Zhang , Hengtao He , Shenghui Song , Jun Zhang , Khaled B. Letaief

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has made significant advancements in fields such as computer vision (CV) and natural language processing (NLP), demonstrating its capability to synthesize high-fidelity data and improve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Zheng Yang , Guoxuan Chi , Chenshu Wu , Hanyu Liu , Yuchong Gao , Yunhao Liu , Jie Xu , Tony Xiao Han

Reinforcement learning (RL) has been effective for post-training autoregressive (AR) language models, but extending these methods to diffusion language models (DLMs) is challenging due to intractable sequence-level likelihoods. Existing…

Diffusion models have become a central paradigm for image and multimodal generation, yet their deployment raises persistent questions about alignment, safety, preference satisfaction, and robustness to misuse. This survey reviews recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Preeti Lamba , Kiran Ravish , Ankita Kushwaha , Pawan Kumar

Current autoregressive language models (ARMs) achieve high accuracy but require long token sequences, making them costly. Discrete diffusion language models (DDLMs) enable parallel and flexible generation within a fixed number of steps and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Lina Berrayana , Ahmed Heakl , Muhammad Abdullah Sohail , Thomas Hofmann , Salman Khan , Wei Chen

Diffusion-based planning has shown promising results in long-horizon, sparse-reward tasks by training trajectory diffusion models and conditioning the sampled trajectories using auxiliary guidance functions. However, due to their nature as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Kyowoon Lee , Seongun Kim , Jaesik Choi

The continuous evolution of future mobile communication systems is heading towards the integration of communication and computing, with Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) emerging as a crucial means of implementing Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Xinyang Du , Xuming Fang

The wireless network is undergoing a trend from "onnection of things" to "connection of intelligence". With data spread over the communication networks and computing capability enhanced on the devices, distributed learning becomes a hot…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Jian Wang , Yourui Huangfu , Rong Li , Yiqun Ge , Jun Wang

We propose a mechanism for distributed resource management and interference mitigation in wireless networks using multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (RL). We equip each transmitter in the network with a deep RL agent that receives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Navid Naderializadeh , Jaroslaw Sydir , Meryem Simsek , Hosein Nikopour

Although federated learning has achieved many breakthroughs recently, the heterogeneous nature of the learning environment greatly limits its performance and hinders its real-world applications. The heterogeneous data, time-varying wireless…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-22 Jingxin Li , Toktam Mahmoodi , Hak-Keung Lam

Recent advances in denoising diffusion models have enabled rapid generation of optimized structures for topology optimization. However, these models often rely on surrogate predictors to enforce physical constraints, which may fail to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Euihyun Kim , Keun Park , Yeoneung Kim

In wireless networks, applying deep learning models to solve matching problems between different entities has become a mainstream and effective approach. However, the complex network topology in 6G multiple access presents significant…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Xudong Wang , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Lijie Zhou , Lei Feng , Zhixiang Yang , Fanqin Zhou , Wenjing Li