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We review the problem of how to compute the spectral density of sparse symmetric random matrices, i.e. weighted adjacency matrices of undirected graphs. Starting from the Edwards-Jones formula, we illustrate the milestones of this line of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-08-11 Vito A R Susca , Pierpaolo Vivo , Reimer Kühn

Random matrices arise in many mathematical contexts, and it is natural to ask about the properties that such matrices satisfy. If we choose a matrix with integer entries at random, for example, what is the probability that it will have a…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-08-15 Greg Martin , Erick B. Wong

We study the singularity probability of n*n random matrices with i.i.d. entries from highly biased discrete distributions. We obtain sharp non-asymptotic bounds for this probability and derive estimates on the least singular values. Our…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-12 Zeyan Song

We consider n by n real matrices whose entries are non-degenerate random variables that are independent but non necessarily identically distributed, and show that the probability that such a matrix is singular is O(1/sqrt{n}). The purpose…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-01-09 Laurent Bruneau , Francois Germinet

We give a proof of the Universality Conjecture for orthogonal and symplectic ensembles of random matrices in the scaling limit for a class of weights w(x)=exp(-V(x)) where V is a polynomial, V(x)=kappa_{2m}x^{2m}+..., kappa_{2m}>0. For such…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Percy Deift , Dimitri Gioev

The problem of approximating the discrete spectra of families of self-adjoint operators that are merely strongly continuous is addressed. It is well-known that the spectrum need not vary continuously (as a set) under strong perturbations.…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-08 Jonathan Ben-Artzi , Thomas Holding

We investigate the universality of microscopic eigenvalue correlations for Random Matrix Theories with the global symmetries of the QCD partition function. In this article we analyze the case of real valued chiral Random Matrix Theories…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 B. Klein , J. J. M. Verbaarschot

An exchangeable random matrix is a random matrix with distribution invariant under any permutation of the entries. For such random matrices, we show, as the dimension tends to infinity, that the empirical spectral distribution tends to the…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-03-25 Radosław Adamczak , Djalil Chafaï , Paweł Wolff

This papers contains two results concerning random $n \times n$ Bernoulli matrices. First, we show that with probability tending to one the determinant has absolute value $\sqrt {n!} \exp(O(\sqrt(n log n)))$. Next, we prove a new upper…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-07-01 Terence Tao , Van Vu

We consider the asymptotic behavior as $n\to\infty$ of the spectra of random matrices of the form \[\frac{1}{\sqrt{n-1}}\sum_{k=1}^{n-1}Z_{nk}\rho_n ((k,k+1)),\] where for each $n$ the random variables $Z_{nk}$ are i.i.d. standard Gaussian…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-06-11 Steven N. Evans

One of the main applications of free probability is to show that for appropriately chosen independent copies of $d$ random matrix models, any noncommutative polynomial in these $d$ variables has a spectral distribution that converges…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Benoît Collins , Tobias Mai , Akihiro Miyagawa , Félix Parraud , Sheng Yin

In this brief paper the probability density of a random real, complex and quaternion determinant is rederived using singular values. The behaviour of suitably rescaled random determinants is studied in the limit of infinite order of the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Giovanni M. Cicuta , Madan L. Mehta

We study n by n symmetric random matrices H, possibly discrete, with iid above-diagonal entries. We show that H is singular with probability at most exp(-n^c), and the spectral norm of the inverse of H is O(sqrt{n}). Furthermore, the…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-03-05 Roman Vershynin

Let $Q_n$ denote a random symmetric $n$ by $n$ matrix, whose upper diagonal entries are i.i.d. Bernoulli random variables (which take values 0 and 1 with probability 1/2). We prove that $Q_n$ is non-singular with probability…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kevin Costello , Terence Tao , Van Vu

In this paper we consider Wigner random matrices -- symmetric n by n random matrices whose entries are independent identically distributed real random variables. We prove that the probability distribution of one or several eigenvalues close…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-11-29 Anastasia A. Ruzmaikina

We study the distribution of entries of a random permutation matrix under a "randomized basis," i.e., we conjugate the random permutation matrix by an independent random orthogonal matrix drawn from Haar measure. It is shown that under…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-08 Benjamin Tsou

The class of norm-dependent Random Matrix Ensembles is studied in the presence of an external field. The probability density in those ensembles depends on the trace of the squared random matrices, but is otherwise arbitrary. An exact…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Thomas Guhr

Spectral correlations in unitary invariant, non-Gaussian ensembles of large random matrices possessing an eigenvalue gap are studied within the framework of the orthogonal polynomial technique. Both local and global characteristics of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-30 E. Kanzieper , V. Freilikher

Evaluating joint probabilities of potential outcomes and observed variables, and their linear combinations, is a fundamental challenge in causal inference. This paper addresses the bounding and identification of these probabilities in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-24 Naoya Hashimoto , Yuta Kawakami , Jin Tian

We numerically analyze the random matrix ensembles of real-symmetric matrices with column/row constraints for many system conditions e.g. disorder type, matrix-size and basis-connectivity. The results reveal a rich behavior hidden beneath…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-10-28 Suchetana Sadhukhan , Pragya Shukla