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Recent advancements in large audio language models (LALMs) have demonstrated impressive results and promising prospects in universal understanding and reasoning across speech, music, and general sound. However, these models still lack the…

While language models (LMs) paired with residual vector quantization (RVQ) tokenizers have shown promise in text-to-audio (T2A) generation, they still lag behind diffusion-based models by a non-trivial margin. We identify a critical dilemma…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Juncheng Wang , Chao Xu , Cheng Yu , Zhe Hu , Haoyu Xie , Guoqi Yu , Lei Shang , Shujun Wang

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in audio understanding and reasoning. However, their performance on fine grained auditory perception remains unreliable, and existing approaches largely rely on data…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Liyang Chen , Hongkai Chen , Yujun Cai , Sifan Li , Qingwen Ye , Yiwei Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models aim to control robots for manipulation from visual observations and natural-language instructions. However, existing hierarchical and autoregressive paradigms often introduce architectural overhead,…

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs), which offer bidirectional context and flexible masked-denoising generation, are emerging as a compelling alternative to autoregressive (AR) LLMs. However, like AR LLMs, their model sizes continue to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Tianao Zhang , Zhiteng Li , Xianglong Yan , Haotong Qin , Yong Guo , Yulun Zhang

Developing expressive and responsive conversational digital humans is a cornerstone of next-generation human-computer interaction. While large language models (LLMs) have significantly enhanced dialogue capabilities, most current systems…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xiaolin Hu , Hang Yuan , Xinzhu Sang , Binbin Yan , Zhou Yu , Cong Huang , Kai Chen

Discrete diffusion models offer global context awareness and flexible parallel generation. However, uniform random noise schedulers in standard DLLM training overlook the highly non-uniform information density inherent in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Linrui Ma , Yufei Cui , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

Autoregressive (AR) language models generate text one token at a time, which limits their inference speed. Diffusion-based language models offer a promising alternative, as they can decode multiple tokens in parallel. However, we identify a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Yeongbin Seo , Dongha Lee , Jaehyung Kim , Jinyoung Yeo

We introduce TESS 2, a general instruction-following diffusion language model that outperforms contemporary instruction-tuned diffusion models, as well as matches and sometimes exceeds strong autoregressive (AR) models. We train TESS 2 by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Jaesung Tae , Hamish Ivison , Sachin Kumar , Arman Cohan

The pursuit of real-time agentic interaction has driven interest in Diffusion-based Large Language Models (dLLMs) as alternatives to auto-regressive backbones, promising to break the sequential latency bottleneck. However, does such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Qingyu Lu , Liang Ding , Kanjian Zhang , Jinxia Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Large Language Diffusion Models (LLDMs) benefit from a flexible decoding mechanism that enables parallelized inference and controllable generations over autoregressive models. Yet such flexibility introduces a critical challenge: inference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Yichuan Mo , Quan Chen , Mingjie Li , Zeming Wei , Yisen Wang

Personalized alignment is essential for enabling large language models (LLMs) to engage effectively in user-centric dialogue. While recent prompt-based and offline optimization methods offer preliminary solutions, they fall short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Xingyu Sui , Yulin Hu , Jiahe Guo , Haixiao Liu , Biye Li , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Autoregressive (AR) Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant success across numerous tasks. However, the AR modeling paradigm presents certain limitations; for instance, contemporary autoregressive LLMs are trained to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Justin Deschenaux , Caglar Gulcehre

Diffusion Large Language Models (DLLMs) are emerging as a powerful alternative to the dominant Autoregressive Large Language Models, offering efficient parallel generation and capable global context modeling. However, the practical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Jinsong Li , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Zang , Yuhang Cao , Jiaqi Wang , Dahua Lin

The ability of artificial intelligence (AI) systems to perceive and comprehend audio signals is crucial for many applications. Although significant progress has been made in this area since the development of AudioSet, most existing models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-21 Yuan Gong , Hongyin Luo , Alexander H. Liu , Leonid Karlinsky , James Glass

Recent advances in large audio language models (LALMs) have primarily been assessed using a multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) framework. However, subtle changes, such as shifting the order of choices, result in substantially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Fernando López , Santosh Kesiraju , Jordi Luque

Diffusion-based large language models (dLLMs) have exhibited substantial potential for parallel text generation, which may enable more efficient generation compared to autoregressive models. However, current dLLMs suffer from fixed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Yicun Yang , Cong Wang , Shaobo Wang , Zichen Wen , Biqing Qi , Hanlin Xu , Linfeng Zhang

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have recently demonstrated capabilities that complement standard autoregressive (AR) models, particularly in non-sequential generation and bidirectional editing. Although recent work has shown that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Fred Zhangzhi Peng , Alexis Fox , Anru R. Zhang , Alexander Tong

Vocal-to-accompaniment (V2A) generation, which aims to transform a raw vocal recording into a fully arranged accompaniment, inherently requires jointly addressing an accompaniment trilemma: preserving acoustic authenticity, maintaining…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Qi Wang , Zhexu Shen , Meng Chen , Guoxin Yu , Chaoxu Pang , Weifeng Zhao , Wenjiang Zhou

Full-duplex speech interaction, as the most natural and intuitive mode of human communication, is driving artificial intelligence toward more human-like conversational systems. Traditional cascaded speech processing pipelines suffer from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yadong Li , Guoxin Wu , Haiping Hou , Biye Li