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Deployments of artificial intelligence in medical diagnostics mandate not just accuracy and efficacy but also trust, emphasizing the need for explainability in machine decisions. The recent trend in automated medical image diagnostics leans…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Ugur Demir , Debesh Jha , Zheyuan Zhang , Elif Keles , Bradley Allen , Aggelos K. Katsaggelos , Ulas Bagci

Automatically extracting useful information from electronic medical records along with conducting disease diagnoses is a promising task for both clinical decision support(CDS) and neural language processing(NLP). Most of the existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-24 Zhongliang Yang , Yongfeng Huang , Yiran Jiang , Yuxi Sun , Yu-Jin Zhan , Pengcheng Luo

Artificial intelligence systems for scientific discovery have demonstrated remarkable potential, yet existing approaches remain largely proprietary and operate in batch-processing modes requiring hours per research cycle, precluding…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Lukas Weidener , Marko Brkić , Mihailo Jovanović , Ritvik Singh , Chiara Baccin , Emre Ulgac , Alex Dobrin , Aakaash Meduri

The rapid spread of misinformation in the digital era poses significant challenges to public discourse, necessitating robust and scalable fact-checking solutions. Traditional human-led fact-checking methods, while credible, struggle with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tam Trinh , Manh Nguyen , Truong-Son Hy

Agent skills today are static artifact: authored once -- by human curation or one-shot generation from parametric knowledge -- and then consumed unchanged, with no mechanism to improve from real use. We propose \textbf{SkillEvolver}, a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Genrui Zhang , Erle Zhu , Jinfeng Zhou , Caiyan Jia , Hongning Wang

Automatic diagnosis is a significant application of AI in healthcare, where diagnoses are generated based on the symptom description of patients. Previous works have approached this task directly by modeling the relationship between the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Haochun Wang , Sendong Zhao , Zewen Qiang , Nuwa Xi , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Building and deploying machine learning solutions in healthcare remains expensive and labor-intensive due to fragmented preprocessing workflows, model compatibility issues, and stringent data privacy constraints. In this work, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Soorya Ram Shimgekar , Shayan Vassef , Abhay Goyal , Navin Kumar , Koustuv Saha

Clinical decision-making increasingly relies on timely and context-aware access to patient information within Electronic Health Records (EHRs), yet most existing natural language question-answering (QA) systems are evaluated solely on…

While LLM-based agents have shown promise for deep research, most existing approaches rely on fixed workflows that struggle to adapt to real-world, open-ended queries. Recent work therefore explores self-evolution by allowing agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Shuo Zhang , Chaofa Yuan , Ryan Guo , Xiaomin Yu , Rui Xu , Zhangquan Chen , Zinuo Li , Zhi Yang , Shuhao Guan , Zhenheng Tang , Sen Hu , Liwen Zhang , Ronghao Chen , Huacan Wang

Clinical reasoning in medicine is a hypothesis-driven process where physicians refine diagnoses from limited information through targeted history, physical examination, and diagnostic investigations. In contrast, current medical benchmarks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Christopher Chiu , Silviu Pitis , Mihaela van der Schaar

Instruction-based image editing has advanced rapidly, yet reliable and interpretable evaluation remains a bottleneck. Current protocols either (i) depend on paired reference images, resulting in limited coverage and inheriting biases from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Tianyu Chen , Yasi Zhang , Zhi Zhang , Peiyu Yu , Shu Wang , Zhendong Wang , Kevin Lin , Xiaofei Wang , Zhengyuan Yang , Linjie Li , Chung-Ching Lin , Jianwen Xie , Oscar Leong , Lijuan Wang , Ying Nian Wu , Mingyuan Zhou

Conventional agent systems often struggle in open-ended environments where task distributions continuously drift and external supervision is scarce. Their reliance on static toolsets or offline training lags behind these dynamics, leaving…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Haotian Li , Shijun Yang , Weizhen Qi , Silei Zhao , Rui Hua , Mingzhu Song , Xiaojian Yang , Chao Peng

Medical education increasingly emphasizes students' ability to apply knowledge in real-world clinical settings, focusing on evidence-based clinical reasoning and differential diagnoses. Problem-based learning (PBL) addresses traditional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Yuansong Xu , Yuheng Shao , Jiahe Dong , Shaohan Shi , Chang Jiang , Quan Li

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy represents a paradigm shift in cancer treatment, yet development timelines of 8-12 years and clinical attrition rates exceeding 40-60% highlight critical inefficiencies in target selection,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-13 Yi Ni , Liwei Zhu , Shuai Li

Clinical trials are critical for advancing medical treatments but remain prohibitively expensive and time-consuming. Accurate prediction of clinical trial outcomes can significantly reduce research and development costs and accelerate drug…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Fengze Liu , Haoyu Wang , Joonhyuk Cho , Dan Roth , Andrew W. Lo

As deep learning models gain attraction in medical data, ensuring transparent and trustworthy decision-making is essential. In skin cancer diagnosis, while advancements in lesion detection and classification have improved accuracy, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Sadia Kamal , Tim Oates

Multi-agent interacting systems are prevalent in the world, from pure physical systems to complicated social dynamic systems. In many applications, effective understanding of the situation and accurate trajectory prediction of interactive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Jiachen Li , Fan Yang , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Chiho Choi

Recently, large language models have shown great potential to transform online medical consultation. Despite this, most research targets improving diagnostic accuracy with ample information, often overlooking the inquiry phase. Some studies…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Zhaocheng Liu , Quan Tu , Wen Ye , Yu Xiao , Zhishou Zhang , Hengfu Cui , Yalun Zhu , Qiang Ju , Shizheng Li , Jian Xie

Deep learning provides an excellent avenue for optimizing diagnosis and patient monitoring for clinical-based applications, which can critically enhance the response time to the onset of various conditions. For cardiovascular disease, one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Ankur Samanta , Mark Karlov , Meghna Ravikumar , Christian McIntosh Clarke , Jayakumar Rajadas , Kaveh Hassani

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have enabled promising progress in diagnosis prediction from electronic health records (EHRs). However, existing LLM-based approaches tend to overfit to historically observed diagnoses, often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hengyu Zhang , Xuyun Zhang , Pengxiang Zhan , Linhao Luo , Hang Lv , Yanchao Tan , Shirui Pan , Carl Yang