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Paraphrase generation is a pivotal task in natural language processing (NLP). Existing datasets in the domain lack syntactic and lexical diversity, resulting in paraphrases that closely resemble the source sentences. Moreover, these…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Lasal Jayawardena , Prasan Yapa

Speech Language Models (SLMs) exhibit strong semantic understanding, yet their generated speech often sounds flat and fails to convey expressive intent, undermining user engagement. We term this mismatch the semantic understanding-acoustic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kuang Wang , Lai Wei , Qibing Bai , Ping Lin , Wenkai Fang , Feng Jiang , Zhongjie Jiang , Jun Huang , Yannan Wang , Haizhou Li

According to the U.S. National Institutes of Health, more than 3.4 million children experience speech disorders that require clinical intervention. The number of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) is roughly 20 times fewer than the number…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Fagun Patel , Duc Q. Nguyen , Sang T. Truong , Jody Vaynshtok , Sanmi Koyejo , Nick Haber

In recent years, we have observed a rapid advancement in speech language models (SpeechLLMs), catching up with humans' listening and reasoning abilities. SpeechLLMs have demonstrated impressive spoken dialog question-answering (SQA)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Junkai Wu , Xulin Fan , Bo-Ru Lu , Xilin Jiang , Nima Mesgarani , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Mari Ostendorf

Large language models have emerged as a promising approach towards achieving general-purpose AI agents. The thriving open-source LLM community has greatly accelerated the development of agents that support human-machine dialogue interaction…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Zhenfei Yin , Jiong Wang , Jianjian Cao , Zhelun Shi , Dingning Liu , Mukai Li , Lu Sheng , Lei Bai , Xiaoshui Huang , Zhiyong Wang , Jing Shao , Wanli Ouyang

Evaluations of audio-language models (ALMs) -- multimodal models that take interleaved audio and text as input and output text -- are hindered by the lack of standardized benchmarks; most benchmarks measure only one or two capabilities and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Tony Lee , Haoqin Tu , Chi Heem Wong , Zijun Wang , Siwei Yang , Yifan Mai , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie , Percy Liang

Despite recent advances in understanding and leveraging long-range conversational memory, existing benchmarks still lack systematic evaluation of large language models(LLMs) across diverse memory dimensions, particularly in multi-session…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Ye Shen , Dun Pei , Yiqiu Guo , Junying Wang , Yijin Guo , Zicheng Zhang , Qi Jia , Jun Zhou , Guangtao Zhai

Though dialectal language is increasingly abundant on social media, few resources exist for developing NLP tools to handle such language. We conduct a case study of dialectal language in online conversational text by investigating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-09-01 Su Lin Blodgett , Lisa Green , Brendan O'Connor

Native multimodal large language models (MLLMs) restructure a single large language model (LLM) into a spoken language model (SLM) capable of both speech and text generation. Compared to modular and aligned MLLMs, native MLLMs preserve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Hang Shao , Heting Gao , Yunhang Shen , Jiawei Chen , Zuwei Long , Dong Yang , Ke Li , Xing Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success in supporting a wide range of knowledge-intensive tasks. In specialized domains, there is growing interest in leveraging LLMs to assist subject matter experts with domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Aman Kumar , Ekant Muljibhai Amin , Xian Yeow Lee , Lasitha Vidyaratne , Ahmed K. Farahat , Dipanjan D. Ghosh , Yuta Koreeda , Chetan Gupta

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various information-seeking and reasoning tasks. These computational systems drive state-of-the-art dialogue systems, such as ChatGPT and Bard. They also carry…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Siyuan Brandon Loh , Aravind Sesagiri Raamkumar

Many works in the literature show that LLM outputs exhibit discriminatory behaviour, triggering stereotype-based inferences based on the dialect in which the inputs are written. This bias has been shown to be particularly pronounced when…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are now capable of producing fluent and coherent content in languages other than English, it is not imperative to precisely evaluate these non-English outputs. However, when assessing the outputs from…

Large language models (LLMs) hold significant potential for mental health support, capable of generating empathetic responses and simulating therapeutic conversations. However, existing LLM-based approaches often lack the clinical grounding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 He Hu , Yucheng Zhou , Juzheng Si , Qianning Wang , Hengheng Zhang , Fuji Ren , Fei Ma , Laizhong Cui , Qi Tian

Generative large language models (LLMs) have been shown to exhibit harmful biases and stereotypes. While safety fine-tuning typically takes place in English, if at all, these models are being used by speakers of many different languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Vera Neplenbroek , Arianna Bisazza , Raquel Fernández

Despite significant research effort in the development of automatic dialogue evaluation metrics, little thought is given to evaluating dialogues other than in English. At the same time, ensuring metrics are invariant to semantically similar…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-11 John Mendonça , Patrícia Pereira , Helena Moniz , João Paulo Carvalho , Alon Lavie , Isabel Trancoso

Arabic, with its rich diversity of dialects, remains significantly underrepresented in Large Language Models, particularly in dialectal variations. We address this gap by introducing seven synthetic datasets in dialects alongside Modern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Basel Mousi , Nadir Durrani , Fatema Ahmad , Md. Arid Hasan , Maram Hasanain , Tameem Kabbani , Fahim Dalvi , Shammur Absar Chowdhury , Firoj Alam

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages? The popular way of evaluating for multilingual performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Ashim Gupta , Maitrey Mehta , Zhichao Xu , Vivek Srikumar

Audio Question Answering (AQA) constitutes a pivotal task in which machines analyze both audio signals and natural language questions to produce precise natural language answers. The significance of possessing high-quality, diverse, and…

As audio-first agents become increasingly common in physical AI, conversational robots, and screenless wearables, audio large language models (audio-LLMs) must integrate speaker-specific understanding to support user authorization,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-15 KiHyun Nam , Jungwoo Heo , Siu Bae , Ha-Jin Yu , Joon Son Chung