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The increasing digitization of smart grids has improved operational efficiency but also introduced new cybersecurity vulnerabilities, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) targeting Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Muhammad Sharshar , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Davor Svetinovic , Amr M. Youssef , Deepa Kundur , Ehab F. El-Saadany

Open-source libraries are widely used in modern software development, introducing significant security vulnerabilities. While static analysis tools can identify potential vulnerabilities at scale, they often generate overwhelming reports…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Siyi Chen , Tianhan Luo , Shijian Wu , Xiangyu Liu , Yilin Zhou , Qi Li , Wenyuan Xu

Assessing network security is a complex and difficult task. Attack graphs have been proposed as a tool to help network administrators understand the potential weaknesses of their network. However, a problem has not yet been addressed by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-06-21 Jorge Lucangeli Obes , Carlos Sarraute , Gerardo Richarte

While Large Language Models (LLMs) display versatile functionality, they continue to generate harmful, biased, and toxic content, as demonstrated by the prevalence of human-designed jailbreaks. In this work, we present Tree of Attacks with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Anay Mehrotra , Manolis Zampetakis , Paul Kassianik , Blaine Nelson , Hyrum Anderson , Yaron Singer , Amin Karbasi

Artifact Evaluation (AE) is essential for ensuring the transparency and reliability of research, closing the gap between exploratory work and real-world deployment is particularly important in cybersecurity, particularly in IoT and CPSs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-16 David Heye , Karl Kindermann , Robin Decker , Johannes Lohmöller , Anastasiia Belova , Sandra Geisler , Klaus Wehrle , Jan Pennekamp

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) parsing aims to extract key threat information from massive data, transform it into actionable intelligence, enhance threat detection and defense efficiency, including attack graph construction, intelligence…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yongheng Zhang , Xinyun Zhao , Yunshan Ma , Haokai Ma , Yingxiao Guan , Guozheng Yang , Yuliang Lu , Xiang Wang

The increasing reliance on web services has led to a rise in cybersecurity threats, particularly Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks, which target client-side layers of web applications by injecting malicious scripts. Traditional Web…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Vahid Babaey , Arun Ravindran

Information theft attacks pose a significant risk to Large Language Model (LLM) tool-learning systems. Adversaries can inject malicious commands through compromised tools, manipulating LLMs to send sensitive information to these tools,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Ziyou Jiang , Mingyang Li , Guowei Yang , Junjie Wang , Yuekai Huang , Zhiyuan Chang , Qing Wang

As generative AI, particularly large language models (LLMs), become increasingly integrated into production applications, new attack surfaces and vulnerabilities emerge and put a focus on adversarial threats in natural language and…

The performance of large language model (LLM) agents depends critically on the execution harness, the system layer that orchestrates tool use, context management, and state persistence. Yet this same architectural centrality makes the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xixun Lin , Yang Liu , Yancheng Chen , Yongxuan Wu , Yucheng Ning , Yilong Liu , Nan Sun , Shun Zhang , Bin Chong , Chuan Zhou , Yanan Cao

Generative large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art results on a wide range of tasks, yet they remain susceptible to backdoor attacks: carefully crafted triggers in the input can manipulate the model to produce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yige Li , Hanxun Huang , Yunhan Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Jun Sun

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled transformative advancements across diverse applications but remain susceptible to safety threats, especially jailbreak attacks that induce harmful outputs. To systematically evaluate and…

Deep Learning (DL)-based malware detectors are increasingly adopted for early detection of malicious behavior in cybersecurity. However, their sensitivity to adversarial malware variants has raised immense security concerns. Generating such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-06 James Lee Hu , Mohammadreza Ebrahimi , Hsinchun Chen

Manipulating the interaction trajectories between the intelligent agent and the environment can control the agent's training and behavior, exposing the potential vulnerabilities of reinforcement learning (RL). For example, in Cyber-Physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Zhi Luo , Xiyuan Yang , Pan Zhou , Di Wang

Intrusion detection system (IDS) is an important part of enterprise security system architecture. In particular, anomaly-based IDS has been widely applied to detect abnormal process behaviors that deviate from the majority. However, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-08-10 Boxiang Dong , Zhengzhang Chen , Hui Wang , Lu-An Tang , Kai Zhang , Ying Lin , Haifeng Chen , Guofei Jiang

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a key cybersecurity tool for network administrators as it identifies malicious traffic and cyberattacks. With the recent successes of machine learning techniques such as deep learning, more and more…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-12-20 Simon Msika , Alejandro Quintero , Foutse Khomh

Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) are prolonged, stealthy intrusions by skilled adversaries that compromise high-value systems to steal data or disrupt operations. Reconstructing complete attack chains from massive, heterogeneous logs is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Rujie Dai , Peizhuo Lv , Yujiang Gui , Qiujian Lv , Yuanyuan Qiao , Yan Wang , Degang Sun , Weiqing Huang , Yingjiu Li , XiaoFeng Wang

The emerging wide area monitoring systems (WAMS) have brought significant improvements in electric grids' situational awareness. However, the newly introduced system can potentially increase the risk of cyber-attacks, which may be disguised…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-08-26 Gabriel Intriago , Yu Zhang

State-of-the-art defense mechanisms are typically evaluated in the context of white-box attacks, which is not realistic, as it assumes the attacker can access the gradients of the target network. To protect against this scenario,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Joana C. Costa , Tiago Roxo , Hugo Proença , Pedro R. M. Inácio

The complexity of modern computing environments and the growing sophistication of cyber threats necessitate a more robust, adaptive, and automated approach to security enforcement. In this paper, we present a framework leveraging large…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Pablo Fernández Saura , K. R. Jayaram , Vatche Isahagian , Jorge Bernal Bernabé , Antonio Skarmeta
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