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In modern automotive development, security testing is critical for safeguarding systems against increasingly advanced threats. Attack trees are widely used to systematically represent potential attack vectors, but generating comprehensive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Tanmay Khule , Stefan Marksteiner , Jose Alguindigue , Hannes Fuchs , Sebastian Fischmeister , Apurva Narayan

As cyber threats become more sophisticated, rapid and accurate vulnerability detection is essential for maintaining secure systems. This study explores the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in software vulnerability assessment by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-13 David Farr , Kevin Talty , Alexandra Farr , John Stockdale , Iain Cruickshank , Jevin West

Generating safety-critical scenarios is essential for validating the robustness of autonomous driving systems, yet existing methods often struggle to produce collisions that are both realistic and diverse while ensuring explicit interaction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Wenyun Li , Zejian Deng , Chen Sun

With the advent of large language models (LLMs), there has been a great deal of interest in applying them to solve difficult programming tasks. Recent work has demonstrated their potential at program optimization, a key challenge in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Sagnik Anupam , Alexander Shypula , Osbert Bastani

Attack Trees are a graphical model of security used to study threat scenarios. While visually appealing and supported by solid theories and effective tools, one of their main drawbacks remains the amount of effort required by security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Gemma Di Federico , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Andrea Burattin

Competitive program generation aims to automatically produce correct and efficient solutions for programming-contest problems under strict time and memory constraints. Existing LLM-based approaches often fail to perform explicit algorithmic…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Minnan Wei , Xiang Chen , Xiaoshuai Niu , Siyu Chen

With the development of large language models (LLMs), detecting whether text is generated by a machine becomes increasingly challenging in the face of malicious use cases like the spread of false information, protection of intellectual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Ying Zhou , Ben He , Le Sun

Graphical security models constitute a well-known, user-friendly way to represent the security of a system. These kinds of models are used by security experts to identify vulnerabilities and assess the security of a system. The manual…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Alyzia-Maria Konsta , Beatrice Spiga , Alberto Lluch Lafuente , Nicola Dragoni

We introduce AEGIS, A holistic benchmark for Evaluating forensic analysis of AI-Generated academic ImageS. Compared to existing benchmarks, AEGIS features three key advances: (1) Domain-Specific Complexity: covering seven academic…

Automated cyber defense (ACD) seeks to protect computer networks with minimal or no human intervention, reacting to intrusions by taking corrective actions such as isolating hosts, resetting services, deploying decoys, or updating access…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Yu Li , Sizhe Tang , Rongqian Chen , Fei Xu Yu , Guangyu Jiang , Mahdi Imani , Nathaniel D. Bastian , Tian Lan

We present a novel approach for attacking black-box large language models (LLMs) by exploiting their ability to express confidence in natural language. Existing black-box attacks require either access to continuous model outputs like logits…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jie Zhang , Meng Ding , Yang Liu , Jue Hong , Florian Tramèr

Large language models (LLMs) are widely deployed across various applications, often with safeguards to prevent the generation of harmful or restricted content. However, these safeguards can be covertly bypassed through adversarial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Kasimir Schulz , Amelia Kawasaki , Leo Ring

Eliciting harmful behavior from large language models (LLMs) is an important task to ensure the proper alignment and safety of the models. Often when training LLMs, ethical guidelines are followed yet alignment failures may still be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Robert J. Moss

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significantly advanced capabilities in understanding and generating human language text, which have gained increasing popularity over recent years. Apart from their state-of-the-art natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yihe Zhou , Tao Ni , Wei-Bin Lee , Qingchuan Zhao

Advanced large language models (LLMs) can generate text almost indistinguishable from human-written text, highlighting the importance of LLM-generated text detection. However, current zero-shot techniques face challenges as white-box…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Guangsheng Bao , Yanbin Zhao , Juncai He , Yue Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results on natural language tasks, and security researchers are beginning to employ them in both offensive and defensive systems. In cyber-security, there have been multiple research…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Jiacen Xu , Jack W. Stokes , Geoff McDonald , Xuesong Bai , David Marshall , Siyue Wang , Adith Swaminathan , Zhou Li

Software is prone to security vulnerabilities. Program analysis tools to detect them have limited effectiveness in practice due to their reliance on human labeled specifications. Large language models (or LLMs) have shown impressive code…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Ziyang Li , Saikat Dutta , Mayur Naik

Attack graphs are a tool for analyzing security vulnerabilities that capture different and prospective attacks on a system. As a threat modeling tool, it shows possible paths that an attacker can exploit to achieve a particular goal.…

Search agents connect LLMs to the Internet, enabling them to access broader and more up-to-date information. However, this also introduces a new threat surface: unreliable search results can mislead agents into producing unsafe outputs.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jianshuo Dong , Sheng Guo , Hao Wang , Xun Chen , Zhuotao Liu , Tianwei Zhang , Ke Xu , Minlie Huang , Han Qiu

Vulnerability detection tools are widely adopted in software projects, yet they often overwhelm maintainers with false positives and non-actionable reports. Automated exploitation systems can help validate these reports; however, existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Amirali Sajadi , Tu Nguyen , Kostadin Damevski , Preetha Chatterjee