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Prompting language models (LMs) is the main interface for applying them to new tasks. However, for smaller LMs, prompting provides low accuracy compared to gradient-based finetuning. Tree Prompting is an approach to prompting which builds a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 John X. Morris , Chandan Singh , Alexander M. Rush , Jianfeng Gao , Yuntian Deng

Breakthroughs in deep learning and memory networks have made major advances in natural language understanding. Language is sequential and information carried through the sequence can be captured through memory networks. Learning the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Anupiya Nugaliyadde

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for Text-to-SQL tasks, exhibiting remarkable reasoning capabilities. Different from tasks such as math word problems and commonsense reasoning, SQL solutions have a relatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Ruilin Luo , Liyuan Wang , Binghuai Lin , Zicheng Lin , Yujiu Yang

Tree search has become as a representative framework for test-time reasoning with large language models (LLMs), exemplified by methods such as Tree-of-Thought and Monte Carlo Tree Search. However, it remains difficult to provide instant and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Jiaxi Li , Yucheng Shi , Xiao Huang , Jin Lu , Ninghao Liu

Large language models (LLMs), especially reasoning models, generate extended chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning that often contains explicit deliberation over future outcomes. Yet whether this deliberation constitutes genuine planning, how it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Sixing Chen , Ji-An Li , Saner Cakir , Sinan Akcali , Kayla Lee , Marcelo G. Mattar

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant potential in assisting peer review, current methods often struggle to generate thorough and insightful reviews while maintaining efficiency. In this paper, we propose TreeReview, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Yuan Chang , Ziyue Li , Hengyuan Zhang , Yuanbo Kong , Yanru Wu , Hayden Kwok-Hay So , Zhijiang Guo , Liya Zhu , Ngai Wong

Segmentation remains an important preprocessing step both in languages where "words" or other important syntactic/semantic units (like morphemes) are not clearly delineated by white space, as well as when dealing with continuous speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-07 C. M. Downey , Fei Xia , Gina-Anne Levow , Shane Steinert-Threlkeld

Existing object proposal algorithms usually search for possible object regions over multiple locations and scales separately, which ignore the interdependency among different objects and deviate from the human perception procedure. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-09 Zequn Jie , Xiaodan Liang , Jiashi Feng , Xiaojie Jin , Wen Feng Lu , Shuicheng Yan

Gated recurrent networks such as those composed of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) nodes have recently been used to improve state of the art in many sequential processing tasks such as speech recognition and machine translation. However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Aditya Rawal , Risto Miikkulainen

In real practice, questions are typically complex and knowledge-intensive, requiring Large Language Models (LLMs) to recognize the multifaceted nature of the question and reason across multiple information sources. Iterative and adaptive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Boyi Zhang , Zhuo Liu , Hangfeng He

The automatic generation of representative natural language descriptions for observable patterns in time series data enhances interpretability, simplifies analysis and increases cross-domain utility of temporal data. While pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-06 Mohamed Trabelsi , Aidan Boyd , Jin Cao , Huseyin Uzunalioglu

Log-Structured Merge (LSM) Trees provide a tiered data storage and retrieval paradigm that is attractive for write-optimized data systems. Maintaining an efficient buffer in memory and deferring updates past their initial write-time, the…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Aron Szanto

Modern generative pre-trained language models excel at open-ended text generation, yet continue to underperform on structure-related tasks such as NER, relation extraction, and semantic role labeling, especially when compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Minho Lee , Junghyun Min , Yerang Kim , Woochul Lee , Yeonsoo Lee

This paper introduces SpecInfer, a system that accelerates generative large language model (LLM) serving with tree-based speculative inference and verification. The key idea behind SpecInfer is leveraging small speculative models to predict…

Advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly improved multi-step reasoning through generating free-text rationales. However, recent studies show that LLMs tend to lose focus over the middle of long contexts. This raises…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Siyuan Wang , Enda Zhao , Zhongyu Wei , Xiang Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning abilities through test-time computation (TTC) techniques such as chain-of-thought prompting and tree-based reasoning. However, we argue that current reasoning LLMs (RLLMs)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Jiahao Lu , Ziwei Xu , Mohan Kankanhalli

Sequential LSTM has been extended to model tree structures, giving competitive results for a number of tasks. Existing methods model constituent trees by bottom-up combinations of constituent nodes, making direct use of input word…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Zhiyang Teng , Yue Zhang

In this paper, we examine how large language models (LLMs) solve multi-step problems under a language agent framework with three components: a generator, a discriminator, and a planning method. We investigate the practical utility of two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Ziru Chen , Michael White , Raymond Mooney , Ali Payani , Yu Su , Huan Sun

Vision language models (VLMs) excel at zero-shot visual classification, but their performance on fine-grained tasks and large hierarchical label spaces is understudied. This paper investigates whether structured, tree-based reasoning can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Sary Elmansoury , Islam Mesabah , Gerrit Großmann , Peter Neigel , Raj Bhalwankar , Daniel Kondermann , Sebastian J. Vollmer

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have witnessed remarkable advancements, with the test-time scaling law consistently enhancing the reasoning capabilities. Through systematic evaluation and exploration of a diverse spectrum of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Chenyang Shao , Sijian Ren , Fengli Xu , Yong Li