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Machine Unlearning (MU) aims to selectively erase the influence of specific data points from pretrained models. However, most existing MU methods rely on the retain set to preserve model utility, which is often impractical due to privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xindi Fan , Jing Wu , Mingyi Zhou , Pengwei Liang , Mehrtash Harandi , Dinh Phung

Machine unlearning is the process of efficiently removing specific information from a trained machine learning model without retraining from scratch. Existing unlearning methods, which often provide provable guarantees, typically involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Somnath Basu Roy Chowdhury , Rahul Kidambi , Avinava Dubey , David Wang , Gokhan Mergen , Amr Ahmed , Aranyak Mehta

Machine unlearning (MU) is gaining increasing attention due to the need to remove or modify predictions made by machine learning (ML) models. While training models have become more efficient and accurate, the importance of unlearning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Haoran Xie , Lin Li , Xiaofeng Zhu , Qing Li

Lifelong learning algorithms enable models to incrementally acquire new knowledge without forgetting previously learned information. Contrarily, the field of machine unlearning focuses on explicitly forgetting certain previous knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Ozan Özdenizci , Elmar Rueckert , Robert Legenstein

Modern computer systems store vast amounts of personal data, enabling advances in AI and ML but risking user privacy and trust. For privacy reasons, it is sometimes desired for an ML model to forget part of the data it was trained on. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Amartya Hatua , Trung T. Nguyen , Filip Cano , Andrew H. Sung

Machine unlearning is a promising paradigm for removing unwanted data samples from a trained model, towards ensuring compliance with privacy regulations and limiting harmful biases. Although unlearning has been shown in, e.g.,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-19 Yuyang Xue , Jingshuai Liu , Steven McDonagh , Sotirios A. Tsaftaris

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable generative capabilities but raise ethical and security concerns by memorizing sensitive data, reinforcing biases, and producing harmful content. These risks have spurred interest in LLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Changsheng Wang , Yihua Zhang , Dennis Wei , Jinghan Jia , Pin-Yu Chen , Sijia Liu

We explore machine unlearning (MU) in the domain of large language models (LLMs), referred to as LLM unlearning. This initiative aims to eliminate undesirable data influence (e.g., sensitive or illegal information) and the associated model…

Removing information from a machine learning model is a non-trivial task that requires to partially revert the training process. This task is unavoidable when sensitive data, such as credit card numbers or passwords, accidentally enter the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Alexander Warnecke , Lukas Pirch , Christian Wressnegger , Konrad Rieck

With the implementation of personal data privacy regulations, the field of machine learning (ML) faces the challenge of the "right to be forgotten". Machine unlearning has emerged to address this issue, aiming to delete data and reduce its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yi Xu

As AI models are trained on ever-expanding datasets, the ability to remove the influence of specific data from trained models has become essential for privacy protection and regulatory compliance. Unlearning addresses this challenge by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shizhou Xu , Yuan Ni , Stefan Broecker , Thomas Strohmer

Driven by privacy protection laws and regulations, unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) is gaining increasing attention. However, current research often neglects the interpretability of the unlearning process, particularly concerning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xiaohua Feng , Yuyuan Li , Chengye Wang , Junlin Liu , Li Zhang , Chaochao Chen

Machine unlearning for LLMs aims to remove sensitive or copyrighted data from trained models. However, the true efficacy of current unlearning methods remains uncertain. Standard evaluation metrics rely on benign queries that often mistake…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Patryk Rybak , Paweł Batorski , Paul Swoboda , Przemysław Spurek

Machine unlearning (MU) has emerged as a key mechanism for ensuring data privacy and regulatory compliance by enabling models to forget specific training samples. However, recent studies have shown that the removal of data can inadvertently…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jie Fu , Nima Naderloui , Da Zhong , Yuan Hong , Wendy Hui Wang

Current LLM unlearning methods face a critical security vulnerability that undermines their fundamental purpose: while they appear to successfully remove sensitive or harmful knowledge, this ``forgotten" information remains precariously…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Wenhan Wu , Zheyuan Liu , Chongyang Gao , Ren Wang , Kaize Ding

Large language models (LLMs) possess strong semantic understanding, driving significant progress in data mining applications. This is further enhanced by large reasoning models (LRMs), which provide explicit multi-step reasoning traces. On…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Aobo Chen , Chenxu Zhao , Chenglin Miao , Mengdi Huai

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific data points from a trained model, often striving to emulate "perfect retraining", i.e., producing the model that would have been obtained had the deleted data never been included. We demonstrate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Aloni Cohen , Refael Kohen , Kobbi Nissim , Uri Stemmer

Machine unlearning (MU) seeks to remove the influence of specified data from a trained model in response to privacy requests or data poisoning. While certified unlearning has been analyzed in centralized and server-orchestrated federated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Hithem Lamri , Michail Maniatakos

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in safety-critical and regulated sectors, the retention of sensitive or prohibited knowledge introduces escalating risks, ranging from privacy leakage to regulatory non-compliance to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Taozhao Chen , Linghan Huang , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Huaming Chen

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific samples from a trained model. A key challenge in this process is over-unlearning, where the model's performance on the remaining data significantly drops due to the change in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Huiqiang Chen , Tianqing Zhu , Xin Yu , Wanlei Zhou
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