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Smartphones, autonomous vehicles, and the Internet-of-things (IoT) devices are considered the primary data source for a distributed network. Due to a revolutionary breakthrough in internet availability and continuous improvement of the IoT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-12 Ahmed Imteaj , M. Hadi Amini

Federated learning is a distributed learning paradigm in which multiple mobile clients train a global model while keeping data local. These mobile clients can have various available memory and network bandwidth. However, to achieve the best…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Dixi Yao

Building robust deep learning-based models requires diverse training data, ideally from several sources. However, these datasets cannot be combined easily because of patient privacy concerns or regulatory hurdles, especially if medical data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-20 Holger R. Roth , Dong Yang , Wenqi Li , Andriy Myronenko , Wentao Zhu , Ziyue Xu , Xiaosong Wang , Daguang Xu

Federated learning (FL) is a new paradigm for distributed machine learning that allows a global model to be trained across multiple clients without compromising their privacy. Although FL has demonstrated remarkable success in various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Haolin Wang , Xuefeng Liu , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jiaxing Shen

Federated learning (FL) for large language models (LLMs) offers a privacy-preserving scheme, enabling clients to collaboratively fine-tune locally deployed LLMs or smaller language models (SLMs) without exchanging raw data. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Xinlu Zhang , Na Yan , Yang Su , Yansha Deng , Toktam Mahmoodi

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…

Federated fine-tuning offers a promising approach for tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices while preserving data privacy. However, fine-tuning these models on edge devices remains challenging due to high memory,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Mohamed Aboelenien Ahmed , Kilian Pfeiffer , Ramin Khalili , Heba Khdr , Jörg Henkel

Model routing is a simple technique for reducing the inference cost of large language models (LLMs), wherein one maintains a pool of candidate LLMs, and learns to route each prompt to the smallest feasible LLM. Existing works focus on…

Today data is often scattered among billions of resource-constrained edge devices with security and privacy constraints. Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a viable solution to learn a global model while keeping data private, but the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-08 Sijie Cheng , Jingwen Wu , Yanghua Xiao , Yang Liu , Yang Liu

Federated learning (FL) enables the training of a model leveraging decentralized data in client sites while preserving privacy by not collecting data. However, one of the significant challenges of FL is limited computation and low…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Riyasat Ohib , Bishal Thapaliya , Pratyush Gaggenapalli , Jingyu Liu , Vince Calhoun , Sergey Plis

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm where multiple clients conduct local training based on their private data, then the updated models are sent to a central server for global aggregation. The practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Harsh Vardhan , Xiaofan Yu , Tajana Rosing , Arya Mazumdar

Federated Learning (FL) is a privacy-preserving machine learning framework facilitating collaborative training across distributed clients. However, its performance is often compromised by data heterogeneity among participants, which can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Ziru Niu , Hai Dong , A. K. Qin

Federated learning (FL) for large language models (LLMs) has attracted increasing attention as a privacy-preserving approach for adapting models over distributed data, where parameter-efficient methods such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Zhikang Shen , Jianrong Lu , Haiyuan Wan , Jianhai Chen

Multi-kernel learning (MKL) exhibits well-documented performance in online non-linear function approximation. Federated learning enables a group of learners (called clients) to train an MKL model on the data distributed among clients to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Pouya M. Ghari , Yanning Shen

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed learning paradigm where clients collaboratively train a model while keeping their own data private. With an increasing scale of clients and models, FL encounters two key challenges, client drift due…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Jianhui Sun , Xidong Wu , Heng Huang , Aidong Zhang

Federated learning is a paradigm of increasing relevance in real world applications, aimed at building a global model across a network of heterogeneous users without requiring the sharing of private data. We focus on model learning over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Aritz Pérez , Carlos Echegoyen , Guzmán Santafé

Federated learning (FL) refers to a distributed machine learning framework involving learning from several decentralized edge clients without sharing local dataset. This distributed strategy prevents data leakage and enables on-device…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Taki Hasan Rafi , Faiza Anan Noor , Tahmid Hussain , Dong-Kyu Chae , Zhaohui Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world applications, raising concerns about privacy, security and the need to remove undesirable knowledge. Machine Unlearning has emerged as a promising solution, yet faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yisheng Zhong , Zhengbang Yang , Zhuangdi Zhu

The Federated Learning (FL) workflow of training a centralized model with distributed data is growing in popularity. However, until recently, this was the realm of contributing clients with similar computing capability. The fast expanding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Hongrui Shi , Valentin Radu

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed framework for collaborative model training over large-scale distributed data, enabling higher performance while maintaining client data privacy. However, the nature of model aggregation at the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ali Murad , Bo Hui , Wei-Shinn Ku