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Reasoning capabilities represent a critical frontier for large language models (LLMs), but developing them requires extensive proprietary datasets and computational resources. One way to efficiently supplement capabilities with is by model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Guinan Su , Jonas Geiping

Recent advancements in building domain-specific large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success, especially in tasks requiring reasoning abilities like logical inference over complex relationships and multi-step problem solving.…

During modeling of dynamical systems, often two or more model architectures are combined to obtain a more powerful or efficient model regarding a specific application area. This covers the combination of multiple machine learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Tobias Thummerer , Lars Mikelsons

Large language models fine-tuned via a two-stage pipeline (domain adaptation followed by instruction alignment) can exhibit non-trivial interference after adapter merging, including the re-emergence of explicit reasoning traces under strict…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Junyi Zou

Biological multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as powerful foundation models for scientific discovery. However, existing models are specialized to a single modality, limiting their ability to solve inherently cross-modal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wonbin Lee , Dongki Kim , Sung Ju Hwang

Merging methods combine the weights of multiple language models (LMs) to leverage their capacities, such as for domain adaptation. While existing studies investigate merged models from a solely behavioral perspective, we offer the first…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yutaro Sigrist , Andreas Waldis

Merging has become a widespread way to cheaply combine individual models into a single model that inherits their capabilities and attains better performance. This popularity has spurred rapid development of many new merging methods, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Derek Tam , Yash Kant , Brian Lester , Igor Gilitschenski , Colin Raffel

Model merging is a powerful technique for integrating the specialized knowledge of multiple machine learning models into a single model. However, existing methods require manually partitioning model parameters into fixed groups for merging,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-25 João Abrantes , Robert Tjarko Lange , Yujin Tang

Model merging aims to cheaply combine individual task-specific models into a single multitask model. In this work, we view past merging methods as leveraging different notions of a ''task parameter subspace'' in which models are matched…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Derek Tam , Mohit Bansal , Colin Raffel

Model merging aims to efficiently combine the weights of multiple expert models, each trained on a specific task, into a single multi-task model, with strong performance across all tasks. When applied to all but the last layer of weights,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Ekansh Sharma , Daniel M. Roy , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite

Several Scientific and engineering applications require merging of sampled images for complex perception development. In most cases, for such requirements, images are merged at intensity level. Even though it gives fairly good perception of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-08-01 T. R. Gopalakrishnan Nair , Richa Sharma

This paper studies identifiability and convergence behaviors for parameters of multiple types in finite mixtures, and the effects of model fitting with extra mixing components. First, we present a general theory for strong identifiability,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-13 Nhat Ho , XuanLong Nguyen

Fine-tuning pre-trained language models has become the prevalent paradigm for building downstream NLP models. Oftentimes fine-tuned models are readily available but their training data is not, due to data privacy or intellectual property…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren , Daniel Preotiuc-Pietro , Pengxiang Cheng

Reliable application of machine learning is of primary importance to the practical deployment of deep learning methods. A fundamental challenge is that models are often unreliable due to overconfidence. In this paper, we estimate a model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Ailin Deng , Miao Xiong , Bryan Hooi

Maintaining robust 3D perception under dynamic and unpredictable test-time conditions remains a critical challenge for autonomous driving systems. Existing test-time adaptation (TTA) methods often fail in high-variance tasks like 3D object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Huitong Yang , Zhuoxiao Chen , Fengyi Zhang , Zi Huang , Yadan Luo

With machine learning models being increasingly used to aid decision making even in high-stakes domains, there has been a growing interest in developing interpretable models. Although many supposedly interpretable models have been proposed,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-08-17 Forough Poursabzi-Sangdeh , Daniel G. Goldstein , Jake M. Hofman , Jennifer Wortman Vaughan , Hanna Wallach

Adapting to diverse user needs at test time is a key challenge in controllable multi-objective generation. Existing methods are insufficient: merging-based approaches provide indirect, suboptimal control at the parameter level, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Guofu Xie , Chen Zhang , Xiao Zhang , Yunsheng Shi , Ting Yao , Jun Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant challenges in distributed healthcare, including consolidating specialized domain knowledge across institutions while maintaining privacy, reducing computational overhead, and preventing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Prakrit Timilsina , Anuj Nepal , Rajan Kadel , Robin Doss

Merging large language models (LLMs) is a practical way to compose capabilities from multiple fine-tuned checkpoints without retraining. Yet standard schemes (linear weight soups, task vectors, and Fisher-weighted averaging) can preserve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Aniruddha Roy , Jyoti Patel , Aman Chadha , Vinija Jain , Amitava Das

While fine-tuning pretrained models has become common practice, these models often underperform outside their specific domains. Recently developed model merging techniques enable the direct integration of multiple models, each fine-tuned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Guodong Du , Junlin Lee , Jing Li , Runhua Jiang , Yifei Guo , Shuyang Yu , Hanting Liu , Sim Kuan Goh , Ho-Kin Tang , Daojing He , Min Zhang