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Quantitative Information Flow (QIF) provides a robust information-theoretical framework for designing secure systems with minimal information leakage. While previous research has addressed the design of such systems under hard constraints…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed machine learning but raised significant legal concerns due to their potential to produce text that infringes on copyrights, resulting in several high-profile lawsuits. The legal landscape is…

Identifying vulnerabilities in source code is crucial, especially in critical software components. Existing methods such as static analysis, dynamic analysis, formal verification, and recently Large Language Models are widely used to detect…

While the community has designed various defenses to counter the threat of poisoning attacks in Federated Learning (FL), there are no guidelines for evaluating these defenses. These defenses are prone to subtle pitfalls in their…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly mitigates the hallucinations and domain knowledge deficiency in large language models by incorporating external knowledge bases. However, the multi-module architecture of RAG introduces…

The rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) has brought both transformative applications and new security risks, including jailbreak attacks that bypass alignment safeguards to elicit harmful outputs. Existing automated jailbreak…

Rapid LLM advancements heighten fake news risks by enabling the automatic generation of increasingly sophisticated misinformation. Previous detection methods, including fine-tuned small models or LLM-based detectors, often struggle with its…

Spear Phishing is a type of cyber-attack where the attacker sends hyperlinks through email on well-researched targets. The objective is to obtain sensitive information by imitating oneself as a trustworthy website. In recent times, deep…

Detecting semantic interference remains a challenge in collaborative software development. Recent lightweight static analysis techniques improve efficiency over SDG-based methods, but they still suffer from a high rate of false positives. A…

The rapid progress in generative models has given rise to the critical task of AI-Generated Content Stealth (AIGC-S), which aims to create AI-generated images that can evade both forensic detectors and human inspection. This task is crucial…

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) has emerged as a collaborative training paradigm that allows participants with different features of the same group of users to accomplish cooperative training without exposing their raw data or model…

The rapid development of autonomous web agents powered by Large Language Models (LLMs), while greatly elevating efficiency, exposes the frontier risk of taking unintended or harmful actions. This situation underscores an urgent need for…

Federated Graph Learning (FedGL) is vulnerable to malicious attacks, yet developing a truly effective and stealthy attack method remains a significant challenge. Existing attack methods suffer from low attack success rates, high…

Adversarial phenomenon has been widely observed in machine learning (ML) systems, especially in those using deep neural networks, describing that ML systems may produce inconsistent and incomprehensible predictions with humans at some…

Adversarial attacks expose a fundamental vulnerability in modern deep vision models by exploiting their dependence on dense, pixel-level representations that are highly sensitive to imperceptible perturbations. Traditional defense…

Malicious URL detection remains a major challenge in cybersecurity, primarily due to two factors: (1) the exponential growth of the Internet has led to an immense diversity of URLs, making generalized detection increasingly difficult; and…

Adversarial attacks pose significant challenges to deep neural networks (DNNs) such as Transformer models in natural language processing (NLP). This paper introduces a novel defense strategy, called GenFighter, which enhances adversarial…

Recent research has shown that the integration of Reinforcement Learning (RL) with Moving Target Defense (MTD) can enhance cybersecurity in Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices. Nevertheless, the practicality of existing work is hindered by…

Antivirus developers are increasingly embracing machine learning as a key component of malware defense. While machine learning achieves cutting-edge outcomes in many fields, it also has weaknesses that are exploited by several adversarial…

Recent work has shown that adversarial Windows malware samples - referred to as adversarial EXEmples in this paper - can bypass machine learning-based detection relying on static code analysis by perturbing relatively few input bytes. To…