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The security of biomedical Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has attracted increasing attention. However, training samples easily contain private information and incorrect knowledge that are difficult to detect, potentially leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Dunyuan Xu , Xikai Yang , Yaoqian Li , Jinpeng Li , Pheng-Ann Heng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown immense promise in universal multimodal retrieval, which aims to find relevant items of various modalities for a given query. But their practical application is often hindered by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Qi Li , Yanzhe Zhao , Yongxin Zhou , Yameng Wang , Yandong Yang , Yuanjia Zhou , Jue Wang , Zuojian Wang , Jinxiang Liu

Large language models (LLMs) require iterative updates to address the outdated information problem, where LLM unlearning offers an approach for selective removal. However, mainstream unlearning methods primarily rely on fine-tuning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Miao Yu , Liang Lin , Guibin Zhang , Xinfeng Li , Junfeng Fang , Xingrui Yu , Ivor Tsang , Ningyu Zhang , Kun Wang , Yang Wang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) excel in visual understanding and reasoning, but the excessive visual tokens lead to high inference costs. Although recent token reduction methods mitigate this issue, they mainly target single-turn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Wang , Haofei Zhang , Qihan Huang , Anda Cao , Gongfan Fang , Wei Wang , Xuan Jin , Jie Song , Mingli Song , Xinchao Wang

Existing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) process a large number of visual tokens, leading to significant computational costs and inefficiency. Instruction-related visual token compression demonstrates strong task relevance, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Lei Lei , Jie Gu , Xiaokang Ma , Chu Tang , Jingmin Chen , Tong Xu

Visualizations play a pivotal role in daily communication in an increasingly data-driven world. Research on multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for automated chart understanding has accelerated massively, with steady improvements on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Jonathan Tonglet , Tinne Tuytelaars , Marie-Francine Moens , Iryna Gurevych

Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have emerged as a key approach in achieving artificial general intelligence. In particular, vision-language MLLMs have been developed to generate not only text but also visual outputs from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Donghwan Chi , Hyomin Kim , Yoonjin Oh , Yongjin Kim , Donghoon Lee , Daejin Jo , Jongmin Kim , Junyeob Baek , Sungjin Ahn , Sungwoong Kim

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) are powerful tools for processing and understanding text and images. We study the processing of visual tokens in the language model component of LLaVA, a prominent VLM. Our approach focuses on analyzing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Clement Neo , Luke Ong , Philip Torr , Mor Geva , David Krueger , Fazl Barez

In this paper, we propose \textbf{UniCode}, a novel approach within the domain of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) that learns a unified codebook to efficiently tokenize visual, text, and potentially other types of signals. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Sipeng Zheng , Bohan Zhou , Yicheng Feng , Ye Wang , Zongqing Lu

The core challenge of machine unlearning is to strike a balance between target knowledge removal and non-target knowledge retention. In the context of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), this challenge becomes even more pronounced, as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yuhang Wang , Zhenxing Niu , Haoxuan Ji , Guangyu He , Linlin Zhang , Haichang Gao

Given the prevalence of large language models (LLMs) and the prohibitive cost of training these models from scratch, dynamically forgetting specific knowledge e.g., private or proprietary, without retraining the model has become an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Tyler Lizzo , Larry Heck

Despite interpretability work analyzing VIT encoders and transformer activations, we don't yet understand why Multimodal Language Models (MLMs) struggle on perception-heavy tasks. We offer an under-studied perspective by examining how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Benlin Liu , Amita Kamath , Madeleine Grunde-McLaughlin , Winson Han , Ranjay Krishna

Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) achieve strong multimodal reasoning but frequently exhibit hallucinations and incorrect responses with high certainty, which hinders their usage in high-stakes domains. Existing verbalized confidence…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Wenyi Xiao , Xinchi Xu , Leilei Gan

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) suffer from high computational costs due to excessive visual tokens, particularly in high-resolution and video-based scenarios. Existing token reduction methods typically focus on isolated pipeline…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Hanxun Yu , Wentong Li , Xuan Qu , Song Wang , Junbo Chen , Jianke Zhu

Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) incur high computational costs due to their reliance on hundreds of visual tokens to represent images. While token pruning offers a promising solution for accelerating inference, this paper, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yahong Wang , Juncheng Wu , Zhangkai Ni , Longzhen Yang , Yihang Liu , Chengmei Yang , Ying Wen , Lianghua He , Xianfeng Tang , Hui Liu , Yuyin Zhou

This paper presents several novel findings on the explainability of vision reflection in large multimodal models (LMMs). First, we show that prompting an LMM to verify the prediction of a specialized vision model can improve recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Guoyuan An , JaeYoon Kim , SungEui Yoon

Although Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive multimodal reasoning capabilities, their scalability and deployment are constrained by massive computational requirements. In particular, the massive amount of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Surendra Pathak , Bo Han

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) demand considerable computations for inference due to the extensive parameters and the additional input tokens needed for visual information representation. Herein, we introduce Visual Tokens…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zhihang Lin , Mingbao Lin , Luxi Lin , Rongrong Ji

Text is ubiquitous in our visual world, conveying crucial information, such as in documents, websites, and everyday photographs. In this work, we propose UReader, a first exploration of universal OCR-free visually-situated language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Jiabo Ye , Anwen Hu , Haiyang Xu , Qinghao Ye , Ming Yan , Guohai Xu , Chenliang Li , Junfeng Tian , Qi Qian , Ji Zhang , Qin Jin , Liang He , Xin Alex Lin , Fei Huang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have recently demonstrated strong capabilities in understanding and generating responses from diverse visual inputs, including high-resolution images and long video sequences. As these models scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Junwan Kim , Hyunkyung Bae