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A key challenge in AI alignment is guiding large language models (LLMs) to follow desired behaviors at test time. Activation steering, which modifies internal model activations during inference, offers a potential solution. However, prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Reza Bayat , Ali Rahimi-Kalahroudi , Mohammad Pezeshki , Sarath Chandar , Pascal Vincent

Audio diffusion models can synthesize high-fidelity music from text, yet achieving fine-grained control over specific musical attributes remains challenging, as their internal mechanisms for representing high-level concepts are poorly…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Łukasz Staniszewski , Katarzyna Zaleska , Mateusz Modrzejewski , Kamil Deja

In dynamical systems characterized by separation of time scales, the approximation of so called ``slow manifolds'', on which the long term dynamics lie, is a useful step for model reduction. Initializing on such slow manifolds is a useful…

Table reasoning with large language models (LLMs) plays a critical role in building intelligent systems capable of understanding and analyzing tabular data. Despite recent progress, existing methods still face key limitations: their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Huajian Zhang , Mingyue Cheng , Yucong Luo , Xiaoyu Tao

Discrete diffusion models generate sequences by iteratively denoising samples corrupted by categorical noise, offering an appealing alternative to autoregressive decoding for structured and symbolic generation. However, standard training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Huu Binh Ta , Michael Cardei , Alvaro Velasquez , Ferdinando Fioretto

Multi-task learning is a widely used technique for harnessing information from various tasks. Recently, the sparse orthogonal factor regression (SOFAR) framework, based on the sparse singular value decomposition (SVD) within the coefficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-02 Zemin Zheng , Xin Zhou , Yingying Fan , Jinchi Lv

We introduce STAR, a text-to-image model that employs a scale-wise auto-regressive paradigm. Unlike VAR, which is constrained to class-conditioned synthesis for images up to 256$\times$256, STAR enables text-driven image generation up to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Xiaoxiao Ma , Mohan Zhou , Tao Liang , Yalong Bai , Tiejun Zhao , Biye Li , Huaian Chen , Yi Jin

Generative recommendation via autoregressive models has unified retrieval and ranking into a single conditional generation framework. However, fine-tuning these models with Reinforcement Learning (RL) often suffers from a fundamental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jie Jiang , Yangru Huang , Zeyu Wang , Changping Wang , Yuling Xiong , Jun Zhang , Huan Yu

Idempotent generative networks (IGNs) are a new line of generative models based on idempotent mapping to a target manifold. IGNs support both single-and multi-step generation, allowing for a flexible trade-off between computational cost and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Shehtab Zaman , Chengyan Liu , Kenneth Chiu

Developing and fielding complex systems requires proof that they are reliably correct with respect to their design and operating requirements. Especially for autonomous systems which exhibit unanticipated emergent behavior, fully…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Matthew Litton , Doron Drusinsky , James Bret Michael

Understanding cellular trajectories via time-resolved single-cell transcriptomics is vital for studying development, regeneration, and disease. A key challenge is inferring continuous trajectories from discrete snapshots. Biological…

While modern recommender systems are instrumental in navigating information abundance, they remain fundamentally limited by static user modeling and reactive decision-making paradigms. Current large language model (LLM)-based agents inherit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Chenghao Wu , Ruiyang Ren , Junjie Zhang , Ruirui Wang , Zhongrui Ma , Qi Ye , Wayne Xin Zhao

Unlike popular solutions based on dense feature maps, Object-Centric Learning (OCL) represents visual scenes as sub-symbolic object-level feature vectors, termed slots, which are highly versatile for tasks involving visual modalities. OCL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Rongzhen Zhao , Yi Zhao , Juho Kannala , Joni Pajarinen

Table retrieval is the task of retrieving the most relevant tables from large-scale corpora given natural language queries. However, structural and semantic discrepancies between unstructured text and structured tables make embedding…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Shui-Hsiang Hsu , Tsung-Hsiang Chou , Chen-Jui Yu , Yao-Chung Fan

This paper presents a novel dynamic post-shielding framework that enforces the full class of $\omega$-regular correctness properties over pre-computed probabilistic policies. This constitutes a paradigm shift from the predominant setting of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Ashwani Anand , Satya Prakash Nayak , Ritam Raha , Anne-Kathrin Schmuck

The characterization of neural responses to sensory stimuli is a central problem in neuroscience. Spike-triggered average (STA), an influential technique, has been used to extract optimal linear kernels in a variety of animal subjects.…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-13 Michael Kummer , Arunava Banerjee

Directed Exploration is a crucial challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), especially when rewards are sparse. Information-directed sampling (IDS), which optimizes the information ratio, seeks to do so by augmenting regret with information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Souradip Chakraborty , Amrit Singh Bedi , Alec Koppel , Mengdi Wang , Furong Huang , Dinesh Manocha

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems are often bottlenecked by their reranking modules, which typically score passages independently and select a fixed Top-K size. This approach struggles with complex multi-hop queries that require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Siyuan Meng , Junming Liu , Yirong Chen , Song Mao , Pinlong Cai , Guohang Yan , Botian Shi , Ding Wang

A generative modeling framework is proposed that combines diffusion models and manifold learning to efficiently sample data densities on manifolds. The approach utilizes Diffusion Maps to uncover possible low-dimensional underlying (latent)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Dimitris G. Giovanis , Ellis Crabtree , Roger G. Ghanem , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

Decentralized optimization provides a fundamental framework for large-scale learning and signal processing with distributed data. We study decentralized optimization with orthogonality constraints on the Stiefel manifold and propose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Shu Li , Jiang Hu